英語四級考試正在緊張備考當(dāng)中，英語四級的真題練習(xí)是必不可少的，所以社科賽斯考研網(wǎng)小編為同學(xué)們整理了2016年12月英語四級真題（第二套）。
2016年12月大學(xué)英語四級考試真題(第2套)
Part I
Writing (30 minutes)
Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write an essay. Suppose you have twooptions upon graduation: one is to take a job in a company and the other to go to agraduate school. You are to make a choice between the two. Write an essay to explain thereasons for your choice. You should write at least 120 words but no more than 180words.
Part Ⅱ
Listening Comprehension (25 minutes )
Section A
Directions: In this section, you will hear three news reports. At the end of each newsreport, you will hear two or three questions. Both the news report and thequestions will be spoken only once. After you hear a question, you mustchoose the best answer from the four choices marked A, B, C and D .Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet I with a single linethrough the centre.
Questions 1 and 2 are based on the news report you have just heard.
1. A. To satisfy the curiosity of tourists.
B. To replace two old stone bridges.
C. To enable tourists to visit Goat Island.
D. To improve utility services in the state.
2. A. Countless tree limbs.
B. A few skeletons.
C. Lots of wrecked boats and ships.
D. Millions of coins on the bottom.
Questions 3 and 4 are based on the news report you have just heard.
3. A. It suspended diplomatic relations with Libya.
B. It urged tourists to leave Tunisia immediately.
C. It shut down two border crossings with Libya.
D. It launched a fierce attack against Islamic State.
4. A. Advise Tunisian civilians on how to take safety precautions.
B. Track down the organization responsible for the terrorist attack.
C. Train qualified security personnel for the Tunisian government.
D. Devise a monitoring system on the Tunisian border with Libya.
Questions 5 to 7 are based on the news report you have just heard.
5. A. An environment-friendly battery.
B. An energy-saving mobile phone.
C. A plant-powered mobile phone charger.
D. A device to help plants absorb sunlight.
6. A. While sitting in their school's courtyard.
B. While playing games on their phones.
C. While solving a mathematical problem.
D. While doing a chemical experiment.
7. A. It increases the applications of mobile phones.
B. It speeds up the process of photosynthesis.
C. It improves the reception of mobile phones.
D. It collects the energy released by plants.
Section B
Directions: In this section, you will hear two long conversations. At the end of each conversation,you will hear four questions. Both the conversation and the questions will be spoken onlyonce. After you hear a question, you must choose the best answer from the four choicesmarked A, B, C and D. Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 1with a single line through the centre.
Questions 8 to 11 are based on the conversation you have just heard.
8. A. He visited the workshops in the Grimsby plant.
B. He called the woman and left her a message.
C. He used stand-ins as replacements on all lines.
D. He asked a technician to fix the broken production line.
9. A. It is the most modern production line.
B. It assembles super-intelligent robots.
C. It has stopped working completely.
D. It is going to be upgraded soon.
10. A. To seek her permission.
B. To place an order for robots.
C. To request her to return at once.
D. To ask for Tom's phone number.
11. A. She is on duty.
B. She is having her day off.
C. She is on sick leave.
D. She is abroad on business.
Questions 12 to 15 are based on the conversation you have just heard.
12. A. He saved a baby boy's life.
B. He wanted to be a superhero.
C. He prevented a train crash.
D. He was a witness to an accident.
13. A. He has a 9-month-old boy.
B. He is currently unemployed.
C. He enjoys the interview.
D. He commutes by subway.
14. A. A rock on the tracks.
B. A misplaced pushchair.
C. A strong wind.
D. A speeding car.
15. A. She stood motionless in shock.
B. She cried bitterly.
C. She called the police at once.
D. She shouted for help.
Section C
Directions: In this section, you will hear three passages. At the end of each passage, you will hearthree or four questions. Both the passage and the questions will be spoken only once.After you hear a question, you must choose the best answer from the four choices markedA, B, C and D. Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet I with asingle line through the centre.
Questions 16 to 18 are based on the passage you have just heard.
16. A. She inherited her family ice-cream business in Billings.
B. She loved the ice-cream business more than teaching primary school.
C. She started an ice-cream business to finance her daughter's education.
D. She wanted to have an ice-cream truck when she was a little girl.
17. A. To preserve a tradition.
B. To amuse her daughter.
C. To help local education.
D. To make some extra money.
18. A. To raise money for business expansion.
B. To make her truck attractive to children.
C. To allow poor kids to have ice-cream too.
D. To teach kids the value of mutual support.
Questions 19 to 21 are based on the passage you have just heard.
19. A. The reasons for imposing taxes.
B. The various services money can buy.
C. The various burdens on ordinary citizens.
D. The function of money in the modem world.
20. A. Educating and training citizens.
B. Improving public transportation.
C. Protecting people's life and property.
D. Building hospitals and public libraries.
21. A. By asking for donations.
B. By selling public lands.
C. By selling government bonds.
D. By exploiting natural resources.
Questions 22 to 25 are based on the passage you have just heard.
22. A. It is located at the center of the European continent.
B. It relies on tourism as its chief source of revenues.
C. It contains less than a square mile of land.
D. It is surrounded by France on three sides.
23. A. Its beauty is frequently mentioned in American media.
B. Its ruler Prince Rainier married an American actress.
C. It is where many American movies are shot.
D. It is a favorite place Americans like to visit.
24. A. Tobacco.
B. Potatoes.
C. Machinery.
D. Clothing.
25. A. European history.
B. European geography.
C. Small countries in Europe.
D. Tourist attractions in Europe.
Part Ⅲ
Reading Comprehension (40 minutes)
Section A
Directions: In this section, there is a passage with ten blanks. You are required to select one wordfor each blank from a list of choices given in a word bank following the passage. Read thepassage through carefully before making your choices.Each choice in the bank isidentified by a letter. Please mark the corresponding letter for each item on AnswerSheet 2 with a single line through the centre. You may not use any of the words in thebank more than once.
Questions 26 to 35 are based on the following passage.
The ocean is heating up. That's the conclusion of a new study that finds that Earth's oceans now26heat at twice the rate they did 18 years ago. Around half of ocean heat intake since 1865 hastaken place since 1997, researchers report online in Nature Climate Change.
Warming waters are known to27 to coral bleaching (珊瑚白化) and they take up more spacethan cooler waters, raising sea28While the top of the ocean is well studied, its depths are moredifficult to 29The researchers gathered 150 years of ocean temperature data in order to get abetter30 of heat absorption from surface to seabed. They gathered together temperature readingscollected by everything from a 19th century31 of British naval ships to modem automated oceanprobes. The extensive data sources,32 with computer simulations ( 計算機模擬), created atimeline of ocean temperature changes, including cooling from volcanic outbreaks and warming fromfossil fuel33
About 35 percent of the heat taken in by the oceans during the industrial era now resides at a34 of more than 700 meters, the researchers found. They say they're35whether the deep-seawarming canceled out warming at the sea's surface.
A. absorb
B. Combined
C. Contribute
D. depth
E. emissions
F. excursion
G. explore
H. floor
I. heights
J. indifferent
K. levels
L. mixed
M. picture
N. unsure
O. voyage
Section B
Directions: In this section, you are going to read a passage with ten statements attached to it. Eachstatement contains information given in one of the paragraphs. Identify the paragraphfrom which the information is derived. You may choose a paragraph more than once.Each paragraph is marked with a letter.Answer the questions by marking thecorresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2.
The Secret to Raising Smart Kids
A) I first began to investigate the basis of human motivation--and how people persevere aftersetbacks--as a psychology graduate student at Yale University in the 1960s. Animal experiments bypsychologists at the University of Pennsylvania had shown that after repeated failures, most animalsconclude that a situation is hopeless and beyond their control. After such an experience an animaloften remains passive even when it can effect change--a state they called learned helplessness.
B) People can learn to be helpless, too. Why do some students give up when they encounter difficulty,whereas others who are no more skilled continue to strive and learn? One answer, I soondiscovered, lay in people's beliefs about why they had failed.
C) In particular, attributing poor performance to a lack of ability depresses motivation more than doesthe belief that lack of effort is to blame. When I told a group of school children who displayedhelpless behavior that a lack of effort led to their mistakes in math, they learned to keep tryingwhen the problems got tough. Another group of helpless children who were simply rewarded fortheir success on easier problems did not improve their ability to solve hard math problems. Theseexperiments indicated that a focus on effort can help resolve helplessness and generate success.
D) Later, I developed a broader theory of what separates the two general classes of learners--helplessversus mastery-oriented. I realized these different types of students not only explain their failuresdifferently, but they also hold different "theories" of intelligence.The helpless ones believeintelligence is a fixed characteristic: you have only a certain amount, and that's that. I call this a"fixed mind-set (思維模式). " Mistakes crack their self-confidence because they attribute errors toa lack of ability, which they feel powerless to change. They avoid challenges because challengesmake mistakes more likely. The mastery-oriented children, on the other hand, think intelligence isnot fixed and can be developed through education and hard work. Such children believe challengesare energizing rather than intimidating (令人生畏); they offer opportunities to learn. Studentswith such a growth mind-set were destined (注定) for greater academic success and were quitelikely to outperform their counterparts.
E) We validated these expectations in a study in which two other psychologists and I monitored 373students for two years during the transition to junior high school, when the work gets more difficultand the grading more strict, to determine how their mind-sets might affect their math grades. At thebeginning of seventh grade, we assessed the students' mind-sets by asking them to agree or disagreewith statements such as "Your intelligence is something very basic about you that you can't reallychange. " We then assessed their beliefs about other aspects of learning and looked to see whathappened to their grades.
F) As predicted, the students with a growth mind-set felt that learning was a more important goal thangetting good grades. In addition, they held hard work in high regard. They understood that evengeniuses have to work hard. Confronted by a setback such as a disappointing test grade, studentswith a growth mind-set said they would study harder or try a different strategy. The students whoheld a fixed mind-set, however, were concerned about looking smart with less regard for learning.They had negative views of effort, believing that having to work hard was a sign of low ability.They thought that a person with talent or intelligence did not need to work hard to do well.Attributing a bad grade to their own lack of ability, those with a fixed mind-set said that they wouldstudy less in the future, try never to take that subject again and consider cheating on future tests.
G) Such different outlooks had a dramatic impact on performance. At the start of junior high, the mathachievement test scores of the students with a growth mind-set were comparable to those ofstudents who displayed a fixed mind-set. But as the work became more difficult, the students witha growth mind-set showed greater persistence. As a result, their math grades overtook those of theother students by the end of the first semester--and the gap between the two groups continued towiden during the two years we followed them.
H) A fixed mind-set can also hinder communication and progress in the workplace and discourage orignore constructive criticism and advice. Research shows that managers who have a fixed mind-setare less likely to seek or welcome feedback from their employees than are managers with a growthmind-set.
I) How do we transmit a growth mind-set to our children? One way is by telling stories aboutachievements that result from hard work. For instance, talking about mathematical geniuses whowere more or less born that way puts students in a fixed mind-set, but descriptions of greatmathematicians who fell in love with math and developed amazing skills produce a growth mind-set.
J) In addition, parents and teachers can help children by providing explicit instruction regarding themind as a learning machine. I designed an eight-session workshop for 91 students whose mathgrades were declining in their first year of junior high.Forty-eight of the students receivedinstruction in study skills only, whereas the others attended a combination of study skills sessionsand classes in which they learned about the growth mind-set and how to apply it to schoolwork. Inthe growth mind-set classes, students read and discussed an article entitled "You Can Grow YourBrain. " They were taught that the brain is like a muscle that gets stronger with use and thatlearning prompts the brain to grow new connections. From such instruction, many students beganto see themselves as agents of their own brain development. Despite being unaware that there weretwo types of instruction, teachers reported significant motivational changes in 27% of the childrenin the growth mind-set workshop as compared with only 9% of students in the control group.
K) Research is converging (匯聚) on the conclusion that great accomplishment and even genius istypically the result of years of passion and dedication and not something that flows naturally from agift.
36. The author's experiment shows that students with a fixed mind-set believe having to work hard is an indication of low ability.
37. Focusing on effort is effective in helping children overcome frustration and achieve success.
38. We can cultivate a growth mind-set in children by telling success stories that emphasize hard work and love of learning.
39. Students' belief about the cause of their failure explains their attitude toward setbacks.
40. In the author's experiment, students with a growth mind-set showed greater perseverance in solving difficult math problems.
41. The author conducted an experiment to find out about the influence of students' mind-sets on math learning.
42. After failing again and again, most animals give up hope.
43. Informing students about the brain as a learning machine is a good strategy to enhance their motivation for learning.
44. People with a fixed mind-set believe that one's intelligence is unchangeable.
45. In the workplace, feedback may not be so welcome to managers with a fixed mind-set.
Section C
Directions: There are 2 passages in this section. Each passage is followed by some questions orunfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A., B., C. AndD . You should decide on the best choice and mark the corresponding letter on AnswerSheet 2 with a single line through the centre.
Passage One
Questions 46 to 50 are based on the following passage.
"Sugar, alcohol and tobacco," economist Adam Smith once wrote," are commodities which arenowhere necessaries of life, which have become objects of almost universal consumption, and whichare, therefore, extremely popular subjects of taxation. "
Two and a haft centuries on, most countries impose some sort of tax on alcohol and tobacco. Withsurging obesity levels putting increasing strain on public health systems, governments around the worldhave begun to toy with the idea of taxing sugar as well.
Whether such taxes work is a matter of debate. A preliminary review of Mexico's taxation found afall in purchases of taxed drinks as well as a rise in sales of untaxed and healthier drinks. By contrast,a Danish tax on foods high in fats was abandoned a year after its introduction, amid claims thatconsumers were avoiding it by crossing the border to Germany to satisfy their desire for cheaper, fattierfare.
The food industry has, in general, been firmly opposed to such direct government action.Nonetheless, the renewed focus on waistlines means that industry groups are under pressure todemonstrate their products are healthy as well as tasty.
Over the past three decades, the industry has made some efforts to improve the quality of itsofferings. For example, some drink manufacturers have cut the amount of sugar in their beverages.
Many of the reductions over the past 30 years have been achieved either by reducing the amount ofsugar, salt or fat in a product, or by finding an alternative ingredient. More recently, however, somecompanies have been investing money in a more ambitious undertaking: learning how to adjust thefundamental make-up of the food they sell. For example, having salt on the outside, but none on theinside, reduces the salt content without changing the taste.
While reformulating recipes ( 配方) is one way to improve public health, it should be part of amulti-sided approach. The key is to remember that there is not just one solution. To deal with obesity,a mixture of approaches--including reformulation, taxation and adjusting portion sizes--will beneeded. There is no silver bullet.
46. What did Adam Smith say about sugar, alcohol and .tobacco?
A. They were profitable to manufacture.
B. They were in ever-increasing demand.
C. They were subject to taxation almost everywhere.
D. They were no longer considered necessities of life.
47. Why have many countries started to consider taxing sugar?
A. They are under growing pressure to balance their national budgets.
B. They find it ever harder to cope with sugar-induced health problems.
C. The practice of taxing alcohol and tobacco has proved both popular and profitable.
D. The sugar industry is overtaking alcohol and tobacco business in generating profits.
48. What do we learn about Danish taxation on fat-rich foods?
A. It did not work out as well as was expected.
B. It gave rise to a lot of problems on the border.
C. It could not succeed without German cooperation.
D. It met with firm opposition from the food industry.
49. What is the more recent effort by food companies to make foods and drinks both healthy and tasty?
A. Replacing sugar or salt with alternative ingredients.
B. Setting a limit on the amount of sugar or salt in their products.
C. Investing in research to find ways to adapt to consumers' needs.
D. Adjusting the physical composition of their products.
50. What does the author mean by saying, at the end of the passage, "There is no silver bullet" ( Line 4, Para.7)?
A. There is no single easy quick solution to the problem.
B. There is no hope of success without public cooperation.
C. There is no hurry in finding ways to solve the obesity problem.D. There is no effective way to reduce people's sugar consumption.
Passage Two
Questions 51 to 55 are based on the following passage.
You may have heard some of the fashion industry horror stories: models eating tissues or cottonballs to hold off hunger, and models collapsing from hunger-induced heart attacks just seconds afterthey step off the runway.
Excessively skinny models have been a point of controversy for decades, and two researchers saya model's body mass should be a workplace health and safety issue. In an editorial released Monday inthe American Journal of Public Health, Katherine Record and Bryn Austin made their case forgovernment regulation of the fashion industry.
The average international runway model has a body mass index (BMI) under 16--low enough toindicate starvation by the World Health Organization's standard. And Record and Austin are worried notjust about the models themselves, but about the vast number of girls and women their images influence.
"Especially girls and teens," says Record. "Seventy percent of girls aged 10 to 18 report that theydefine perfect body image based on what they see in magazines. " That's especially worrying, she says,given that anorexia (厭食癥) results in more deaths than does any other mental illness, according tothe National Institute of Mental Health.
It's commonly known that certain diseases are linked with occupations like lung disease in coalminers. Professional fashion models are particularly vulnerable to eating disorders resulting fromoccupational demands to maintain extreme thinness.
Record's suggestion is to prohibit agents from hiring models with a BMI below 18.
In April, France passed a law setting lower limits for a model's weight. Agents and fashion houseswho hire models with a BMI under 18 could pay $ 82,000 in fines and spend up to 6 months in jail.Regulating the fashion industry in the United States won't be easy, Record says. But with the new rulesin France, U.S. support could make a difference. "A designer can't survive without participating inParis Fashion Week", she says, adding," Our argument is that the same would be true of New YorkFashion Week. "
51. What do Record and Austin say about fashion models' body mass?
A. It has caused needless controversy.
B. It is but a matter of personal taste.
C. It is the focus of the modeling business.
D. It affects models' health and safety.
52. What are Record and Austin advocating in the Monday editorial?
A. A change in the public's view of female beauty.
B. Government legislation about models' weight.
C. Elimination of forced weight loss by models.
D. Prohibition of models eating non-food stuff.
53. Why are Record and Austin especially worried about the low body mass index of models?
A. It contributes to many mental illnesses.
B. It defines the future of the fashion industry.
C. It has great influence on numerous girls and women.
D. It keeps many otherwise qualified women off the runway.
54. What do we learn about France's fashion industry?
A. It has difficulty hiring models.
B. It has now a new law to follow.
C. It allows girls under 18 on the runway.
D. It has overtaken that of the United States.
55. What does Record expect of New York Fashion Week?
A. It will create a completely new set of rules.
B. It will do better than Paris Fashion Week.
C. It will differ from Paris Fashion Week.
D. It will have models with a higher BMI.
Part Ⅳ
Translation( 30 minutes )
Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to translate a passage from Chinese intoEnglish. You should write your answer on Answer Sheet 2.
在中國文化中，黃顏色是一種很重要的顏色，因為它具有獨特的象征意義。在圭蝗(feudal)社會中，它象征統(tǒng)治者的權(quán)力和權(quán)威。那時，黃色是專為皇帝使用的顏色，皇家宮殿全都漆成黃色，皇袍總是黃色的，而普通老百姓是禁止穿黃色衣服的。在中國，黃色也是收獲的象征。秋天莊稼成熟時，田野變得一片金黃。人們興高采烈，慶祝豐收。
2016年12月大學(xué)英語四級考試真題答案與詳解(第2套)
Part IWriting
范文點評
高分范文
Going to Graduate School Is a Better Choice
①If given two options after graduation, that is, totake a job in a company or to go to a graduate school, I'dprefer the latter.
?、?First and foremost, it is widely acknowledged thata higher level of education means better payments and moreopportunities in the future in China. ③ Therefore, I thinkanother two or three years' investment in graduate educationmust be worthwhile in the long run. ④ Secondly, I lovemy major and have a strong desire to further my study soas to deeply explore some academic issues in this field.⑤Finally, the job market for undergraduate students is toocompetitive for average students like me to find asatisfying job.⑥ Thus, it would be a better choice if Icould obtain a master's degree.
?、?Considering the three reasons listed above, I wouldchoose to go to a graduate school after graduation to earn abetter future.
作文全文翻譯
Part II Listening Comprehension
Section A
News Report one
聽力全文
Questions 1 and 2 are based on the news report you have just heard.
預(yù)覽兩道題各選項，由選項中出現(xiàn)的tourists，stone bridges，Goat Island和boats and ships等詞可以推測，新聞內(nèi)容與某個旅游景點有關(guān)，且該景點涉及水。
1．Why does New York State want to turn off Niagara Falls?
B。新聞中提到，紐約州公園系統(tǒng)想在未來的兩三年內(nèi)關(guān)閉美國境內(nèi)的尼亞加拉大瀑布，以更換行人、公園車輛和設(shè)備通往山羊島的兩座石橋，這兩座石橋距今已有115年的歷史了。因此答案為B。
2．What did people find when Niagara Falls were shut off in l9697
D。新聞結(jié)尾提到，1969年尼亞加拉大瀑布被關(guān)閉后，人們發(fā)現(xiàn)河底有數(shù)百萬的硬幣。因此答案為D。
News Report Two
聽力全文
Questions 3 and 4 are based on the news report you have just heard.
預(yù)覽兩道題各選項，由選項中出現(xiàn)的Libya，Tunisia，border crossings，terrorist attack和security等詞可以推測，新聞內(nèi)容與突尼斯和利比亞邊境發(fā)生的恐怖襲擊有關(guān)。．
3． C。
4． D。
News Report Three
聽力全文
Questions 5 to 7 are based on the news report you have just heard.
5． C。
6． A。
7． D。
Conversation One
聽力全文
Questions 8 to 11 are based on the conversation you have just heard.
8． B。
9． C。
10． A。
11． B。
Conversation Two
W: This is Kerry Burke from New York Daily News.(12/13) I'm speaking to Delroy Simmonds, anunemployed Brooklyn man who missed a job interview Tuesday for the best of reasons : He was saving thelife of a 9-month-old boy who was blown into the path of an oncoming subway train by a high wind.
M: Everybody is making me out to be some sort of superhero. I'm just an ordinary person, and a father of two. Anybody in that situation would have done what I did.
W: You were going to an interview when the incident occurred, right?
M: Yes, I was on my way to apply for a maintenance position. I've been looking for a job for a year and more. I'm looking for something to support my family.
W: Tell us what happened at the station.
M: (14) There was a strong wind. It had to be 30 to 40 miles an hour. There was a woman with four kids. One was in a pushchair. The wind blew the baby onto the tracks.
W: (15) Witnesses said people were looking on in horror as the child's mother, identified by sources as MariaZamara, stood frozen in shock. In the distance, people could see the train rounding a bend, headed intothe station．I guess you were not aware of any of these。right?
M：N0．I just jumped down and grabbed the baby．The train was coming around the corner as I lifted the babyfrom the tracks．I really wasn’t thinking．
W：What an amazing story．Thank you very much．
Questions l2 to 15 are based on the conversation you have just heard．
12． A。
13． B。
14． C。
15． A。
Section C
Passage One
聽力全文
Questions 16 to 18 are based on the passage you have just heard.
預(yù)覽三道題各選項，由選項中出現(xiàn)的ice．cream business，ice．cream truck和ice．cream等詞可以推測，短文內(nèi)容與冰激凌生意有關(guān)。
16． D。
17． A。
18． C。
Passage Two
聽力全文
Questions 19 to 21 are based on the passage you have just heard.
預(yù)覽三道題各選項，由選項中出現(xiàn)的taxes，money，Educating，Improving，Protecting和Building等詞可以推測，短文內(nèi)容與稅收及其用途有關(guān)。19．What does the speaker mainly talk about?
A。短文開頭提到，我們通過交稅來享受這些服務(wù)，而在短文結(jié)尾又提到，我們必須為讓我們的生活變得更加舒適的服務(wù)支付一定的費用。由此可知，本文主要談?wù)摰氖墙欢惖脑颍蚀鸢笧锳。
20．What is most of the government money used for?
C。短文中提到，每個政府的主要職能就是保護人身和財產(chǎn)安全，超過四分之三的政府開銷都用在此目的上。因此答案為C。
21．How did the government raise money to pay public bills in the past?
B。短文中提到，以前政府通過出售公有土地來籌集錢款，故答案為B。
Passage Three
聽力全文
Questions 22 to 25 are based on the passage you have just heard.
22． D.
23． B。
24． D。
25． C.
Part ⅢReading Comprehension
Section A
閱讀全文翻譯
選項歸類
名詞：
D.depth深度，深厚；
E.emissions排放；
F.excursion遠(yuǎn)足，短途旅游；
H.floor地板，樓層；
I.heights高度，高地；
K.levels水平面，水平；
M.picture局面，圖畫；
0.voyage航行，航程
動詞：
A.absorb吸收，吸引……的注意；
B.combined使結(jié)合；
C.contribute是(造成某情況)的一個原因，貢獻；
G.explore探索，探險；
K.levels使成水平，使平等；
L.mixed使混合，混淆；
M.picture想象，描述
形容詞：
B.combined聯(lián)合的；
J.indifferent漠不關(guān)心的；
L.mixed混合的，混淆的；
N.unsure不確定的，缺乏信心的
26．A.absorb。
27．C.contribute。
28．K.levels。
29．G.explore。
30．M.picture。
31．O.voyage。
32．B.combined。
33．E.emissions。
34．D.depth。
35．N.unsure。
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36. F。
37. Focusing on effort is effective in helping children overcome frustration and achieve success.
專注于努力在幫助孩子戰(zhàn)勝挫折，獲得成功方面是有效的=由題干中的Focusing on effort和achieve success定位到原文畫線處
該段第一句提到，比起歸因于缺乏努力，把糟糕的表現(xiàn)歸因于缺乏能力對積極性的打擊更大。因此應(yīng)該讓孩子專注于付出努力會幫助他們勇敢地面對挫折，獲得成功。題干二中的overcome frustration對應(yīng)原文中的resolve helplessness，achieve對應(yīng)generate，故答案為C。
38. I。
39. B。
40. In the author's experiment, students with a growth mind-set showed greater perseverance in solving difficult math problems.
在作者的實驗中，擁有成長思維模式的學(xué)生在解決數(shù)學(xué)難題時表現(xiàn)出更強大的毅力，
由題干中的greater perseverance和difficult定位到原文畫線處。
該段開頭提到這兩種不同看法或者說兩種思維模式會對學(xué)生的學(xué)業(yè)表現(xiàn)產(chǎn)生重大影響，但這種影響并不會在一開始顯現(xiàn)出來。當(dāng)課程的難度逐漸增大時，擁有成長思維模式的學(xué)生會表現(xiàn)出更強大的毅力。題干中的perseverance對應(yīng)原文中的persistence，題干是對原文的同義轉(zhuǎn)述，故答案為G。
41. E。
42. After failing again and again, most animals give up hope.
在一次又一次的失敗之后，大多數(shù)動物都會放棄希望。
由題干中的failing again and again和give up hope定位到原文畫線處。
定位句指出賓夕法尼亞大學(xué)的心理學(xué)家們做的動物實驗表明，大多數(shù)動物在遭遇多次失敗之后，都會認(rèn)為沒有希望了，對于糟糕的情況它們束手無策，、題干中的failing again and again對應(yīng)原文中的repeated failures：give up hope對應(yīng)原文中的hopeless，故答案為A。
43. J。
44. D。
45. H。
Section C
Passage One
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46．C。
47．B。
48．A。由題干中Danish taxation on fat-rich foods定位至第三段第三句：By contrast, a Danish tax on foods high in fats was abandoned a year after its introduction, amid claims that consumers were avoiding it by crossing the border to Germany to satisfy their desire for cheaper．fattier fare．
事實細(xì)節(jié)題。第三段討論了糖、酒、煙稅的有效性問題。墨西哥的酒稅是有效的，但是丹麥征收的高脂肪食品稅卻在執(zhí)行一年后就被廢除了，因為消費者為避免納稅可以跨境去德國購買能滿足其需求且更便宜、脂肪含量更高的食品。由此可知，A.“沒有像預(yù)期的那樣有效”符合原文意思，故本題答案為A。
B.“帶來了許多邊境問題”、C.“沒有德國的合作不可能成功”在原文中均未提及，故均排除；D.“遇到了食品業(yè)的堅決反對”雖然符合第四段第一句的表述，但是第三段中并沒有明確指出丹麥的政策是否遇到了抵制，故排除。
49．D。
50．D。查看解析
Passage Two
全文翻譯
你可能聽說過時尚行業(yè)的一些恐怖故事：模特們吃下紙巾或棉花球來抵抗饑餓，她們走下T臺后不久就因饑餓導(dǎo)致的心臟病而倒下。
(51)幾十年以來過瘦的模特一直是爭論的焦點，兩位研究者稱模特的體重應(yīng)該成為職場健康的安全問題。(52)在星期一發(fā)行的《美國公共健康雜志》上，凱瑟琳·雷科德和布瑞恩·奧斯汀闡述了政府加強時尚行業(yè)管理的理由。
國際T臺模特的體重指數(shù)(BMI)平均不到l6——按照世界衛(wèi)生組織的標(biāo)準(zhǔn)足以表明饑餓。(53)雷科德和奧斯汀擔(dān)憂的不僅僅是模特本身，還有受模特形象影響的大量盤性。
“尤其是女孩和青少年。”雷科德說，“70％的l0——18歲女孩認(rèn)為，她們根據(jù)在雜志上看到的來定義什么是完美體型。”雷科德說這尤其讓人擔(dān)心，因為根據(jù)國家精神健康研究院統(tǒng)計，厭食癥導(dǎo)致的死亡人數(shù)比任何其他精神疾病都要多。
眾所周知，某些疾病與職業(yè)相關(guān)，例如煤礦工人易得肺病。由于職業(yè)需要保持極瘦的體型，專業(yè)模特尤其易患飲食失調(diào)。
雷科德的建議是禁止模特代理公司雇傭體重指數(shù)低于l8的模特。
(54)四月份，法國通過了一項法律，給模特的體重規(guī)定了更低的限制。模特代理公司和時尚企業(yè)如果雇用體重指數(shù)低于l8的模特，要繳納82000美元的罰款，入獄最高達6個月。雷科德說監(jiān)管美國的時尚業(yè)并不輕松。但是隨著法國通過了新法律，在美國的支持會大有不同。(55)她補充道，“如果不參加巴黎時尚周，一個設(shè)計師都無法生存。我們認(rèn)為．紐約時尚周也應(yīng)如此。”
詳解詳析
51．D。
52．B。
53．C。
54．B。
55．D。
Part IV
Translation
參考譯文
In Chinese culture, yellow is a color occupying a fairly prominent position, which is endowed with unique symbolic significance. In the feudal society, yellow stands for the ruler's power and authority. At that time,yellow was specially designed for the emperor, with the royal palace painted yellow and the imperial robealways being yellow while the ordinary people were never being permitted to wear yellow. In China, yellow is also the symbol of harvest. When crops are ripening in the fall, farmers celebrate the harvest in high spirits,with the fields taldng on a vast expanse of golden appearance.
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