英語六級考試有一定的難度，所以需要同學們更加注重英語六級真題的練習，琢磨英語六級真題的出題思路和高頻考點。于是社科賽斯考研網小編就為同學們整理了2016年12月英語六級真題（第二套）內容。
2016年12月大學英語六級考試真題(第2套)
Part I Writing (30 minutes)
Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a short essay on innovation. Your essay should include the importance of innovation and measures to be taken to encourage innovation. You are required to write at least 150 words but no more than 200 words.
Part Ⅱ Listening Comprehension (30 minutes)
Section A
Directions: In this section, you will hear two long conversations. At the end of each conversation, you will hear four questions. Both the conversation and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a question, you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked A, B, C and D.Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 1 with a single line through the centre.
Questions 1 to 4 are based on the conversation you have just heard.
1. A. They were all good at cooking.
B. They were particular about food.
C. They were proud of their cuisine.
D. They were fond of bacon and eggs.
2. A. His parents.
B. His friends.
C. His schoolmates.
D. His parents' friends.
3. A. No tea was served with the meal.
B. It was the real English breakfast.
C. No one of the group ate it.
D. It was a little overcooked.
4. A. It was full of excitement.
B. It was really extraordinary.
C. It was a risky experience.
D. It was rather disappointing.
Questions 5 to 8 are based on the conversation you have just heard.
5. A. The woman's relationship with other shops.
B. The business success of the woman's shop.
C. The key to running a shop at a low cost.
D. The woman's earnings over the years.
6. A. Improve its customer service.
B. Expand its business scale.
C. Keep down its expenses.
D. Upgrade the goods it sells.
7. A. They are sold at lower prices than in other shops.
B. They are very-popular with the local residents.
C. They are delivered free of charge.
D. They are in great demand.
8. A. To follow the custom of the local shopkeepers.
B. To attract more customers in the neighborhood.
C. To avoid being put out of business in competition.
D. To maintain friendly relationships with other shops.
Section B
Directions: In this section, you will hear two passages. At the end of each passage, you will hear three or four questions. Both the passage and the questions will be spoken only once.After you hear a question, you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked A, B, C and D. Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 1 with a single line through the centre.
Questions 9 to 12 are based on the passage you have just heard.
9. A. They can be used to deliver messages in times of emergency.
B. They deliver pollutants from the ocean to their nesting sites.
C. They carry plant seeds and spread them to faraway places.
D. They are on the verge of extinction because of pollution.
10. A. They migrate to the Arctic Circle during the summer.
B. They originate from Devon Island in the Arctic area.
C. They travel as far as 400 kilometers in search of food.
D. They have the ability to survive in extreme weathers.
11. A. They were carried by the wind.
B. They had become more poisonous.
C. They were less than on the continent.
D. They poisoned some of the fulmars.
12. A. The threats humans pose to Arctic seabirds,
B. The diminishing colonies for Arctic seabirds.
C. The harm Arctic seabirds may cause to humans.
D. The effects of the changing climate on Arctic seabirds.
Questions 13 to 15 are based on the passage you have just heard.
13. A. It has decreased.
B. It has been exaggerated.
C. It has become better understood.
D. It has remained basically the same.
14. A. It develops more easily in centenarians not actively engaged.
B. It is now the second leading cause of death for centenarians.
C. It has had no effective cure so far.
D. It calls for more intensive research.
15. A. They care more about their physical health.
B. Their quality of life deteriorates rapidly.
C. Their minds fall before their bodies do.
D. They cherish their life more than ever.
Section C
Directions: In this section, you will hear three recordings of lectures or talks followed by three or four questions. The recordings will be played only once. After you hear a question, you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked A, B, C and D Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 1 with a single line through the centre.
Questions 16 to 18 are based on the recording you have just heard.
16. A. They are focused more on attraction than love.
B. They were done by his former colleague at Yale.
C. They were carried out over a period of some thirty years.
D. They form the basis on which he builds his theory of love.
17. A. The relationship cannot last long if no passion is involved.
B. Intimacy is essential but not absolutely indispensable to love.
C. It is not love if you don't wish to maintain the relationship.
D. Romance is just impossible without mutual understanding.
18. A. Which of them is considered most important.
B. Whether it is true love without commitment.
C. When the absence of any one doesn't affect the relationship.
D. How the relationship is to be defined if any one is missing.
Questions 19 to 22 are based on the recording you have just heard.
19. A. Social work as a profession.
B. The history of social work.
C. Academic degrees required of social work applicants.
D. The aim of the National Association of Social Workers.
20. A. They try to change people's social behavior.
B. They help enhance the well-being of the underprivileged.
C. They raise people's awareness of the environment.
D. They create a lot of opportunities for the unemployed.
21. A. They have all received strict clinical training.
B. They all have an academic degree in social work.
C. They are all members of the National Association.
D. They have all made a difference through their work.
22. A. The promotion of social workers' social status.
B. The importance of training for social workers.
C. Ways for social workers to meet people's needs.
D. Social workers' job options and responsibilities.
Questions 23 to 25 are based on the recording you have just heard.
23. A. To fight childhood obesity.
B. To help disadvantaged kids.
C. To encourage kids to play more sports.
D. To urge kids to follow their role models.
24. A. They best boost product sales when put online.
B. They are most effective when appearing on TV.
C. They are becoming more and more prevalent.
D. They impress kids more than they do adults.
25. A. Always place kids' interest first.
B. Do what they advocate in public.
C. Message positive behaviors at all times.
D. Pay attention to their image before children.
Part Ⅲ Reading Comprehension (40 minutes)
Section A
In this section, there is a passage with ten blanks. You are required to select one word for each blank from a list of choices given in a word bank following the passage. Read the passage through carefully before making your choices. Each choice in the bank is identified by a letter. Please mark the corresponding letter for each item on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre. You may not use any of the words in the bank more than once.
Questions 26 to 35 are based on the following passage.
The tree people in the Lord of the Rings--the Ents--can get around by walking. But for real trees, it's harder to uproot. Because they're literally rooted into the ground, they are unable to leave and go 26 .
When a tree first starts growing in a certain area, it's likely that the 27 envelope—the temperature, humidity, rainfall patterns and so on--suits it. Otherwise, it would be unable to grow from a seedling. But as it 28, these conditions may change and the area around it may no longer be suitable for its 29 .
When that happens, many trees like walnuts, oaks and pines, rely 30 on so-called "scatter hoarders," such as birds, to move their seeds to new localities. Many birds like to store food for the winter, which they 31 retrieve.when the birds forget to retrieve their food--and they do sometimes--a seedling has a chance to grow. The bird Clark's nutcracker, for example, hides up to 100,000 seeds per year, up to 30 kilometers away from the seed source, and has a very close symbiotic (共生的) relationship with several pine species, most 32 the whitebark pine.
As trees outgrow their ideal 33 in the face of climate change, these flying ecosystem engineers could be a big help in 34 trees. It's a solution for us--getting birds to do the work is cheap and effective--and it could give 35 oaks and pines the option to truly "make like a tree and leave. "
A. ages
B. breathing
C. climatic
D. elsewhere
E. exclusively
F. forever
G. fruitful
H. habitats
I. legacy
J. notably
K. offspring
L. replanting
M. subsequently
N. vulnerable
O. withdraws
Section B
Directions : In this section, you are going to read a passage with ten statements attached to it. Each statement contains information given in one of the paragraphs. Identify the paragraph from which the information is derived. You may choose a paragraph more than once.Each paragraph is marked with a letter. Answer the questions by marking the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2.
The American Workplace Is Broken. Here's How We Can Start Fixing It.
[A] Americans are working longer and harder hours than ever before.83% of workers say they're stressed about their jobs, nearly 50% say work-related stress is interfering with their sleep, and 60% use their smartphones to check in with work outside of normal working hours. No wonder only 13% of employees worldwide feel engaged in their occupation.
[B] Glimmers (少許) of hope, however, are beginning to emerge in this bruising environment: Americans are becoming aware of the toll their jobs take on them, and employers are exploring ways to alleviate the harmful effects of stress and overwork. Yet much more work remains to be done. To call stress an epidemic isn't exaggeration. The 83% of American employees who are stressed about their jobs--up from 73% just a year before--say that poor compensation and an unreasonable workload are their number-one sources of stress. And if you suspected that the workplace had gotten more stressful than it was just a few decades ago, you're right. Stress levels increased 18% for women and 24% for men from 1983 to 2009. Stress is also starting earlier in life, with some data suggesting that today's teens are even more stressed than adults.
[C] Stress is taking a significant toll on our health, and the collective public health cost may be enormous. Occupational stress increases the risk of heart attack and diabetes, accelerates the aging process, decreases longevity, and contributes to depression and anxiety, among numerous other negative health outcomes. Overall, stress-related health problems account for up to 90% of hospital visits, many of them preventable. Your job is "literally killing you," as The Washington Post put it. It's also hurting our relationships. Working parents say they feel stressed, tired, rushed and short on quality time with their children, friends and partners.
[D] Seven in 10 workers say they struggle to maintain work-life balance. As technology (and with it, work emails) seeps (滲入) into every aspect of our lives, work-life balance has become an almost meaningless term. Add a rapidly changing economy and an uncertain future to this 24/7 connectivity, and you've got a recipe for overwork, according to Phyllis Moen. "There's rising work demand coupled with the insecurity of mergers, takeovers, downsizing and other factors," Moen said. "Part of the work-life issue has to talk about uncertainty about the future."
[E] These factors have converged to create an increasingly impossible situation with many employees overworking to the point of burnout. It's not only unsustainable for workers, but also for the companies that employ them. Science has shown a clear correlation between high stress levels in workers and absenteeism ( 曠工 ), reduced productivity, disengagement and high tttrnover. Too many workplace policies effectively prohibit employees from developing a healthy work-life balance by barring them from taking time off, even when they need it most.
[F] The U. S. trails far behind every wealthy nation and many developing ones that have family-friendly work policies including paid parental leave, paid sick days and breast-feeding support.according to a 2007 study. The U. S. is also the only advanced economy that does not guarantee workers paid vacation time, and it's one of only two countries in the world that does not offer guaranteed paid maternity leave. But even when employees are given paid time off, workplace norms and expectations that pressure them to overwork often prevent them from taking it. Fulltime employees who do have paid vacation days only use half of them on average.
[G] Our modern workplaces also operate based on outdated time constraints. The practice of clocking in for an eight-hour workday is a leftover from the days of the Industrial Revolution, as reflected in the then-popular saying, "Eight hours labor, eight hours recreation, eight hours rest."
[H] We've held on to this workday structure--but thanks to our digital devices, many employees never really clock out. Today, the average American spends 8.8 hours at work daily, and the majority of working professionals spend additional hours checking in with work during evenings, weekends and even vacations. The problem isn't the technology itself, but that the technology is being used to create more flexibility for the employer rather than the employee. In a competitive work environment, employers are able to use technology to demand more from their employees rather than motivating workers with flexibility that benefits them.
[I] In a study published last year, psychologists coined the term "workplace telepressure" to describe an employee's urge to immediately respond to emails and engage in obsessive thoughts about returning an email to one's boss, colleagues or clients. The researchers found that telepressure is a major cause of stress at work, which over time contributes to physical and mental burnout. Of the 300 employees participating in the study, those who experienced high levels of telepressure were more likely to agree with statements assessing burnout, like "I've no energy for going to work in the morning," and to report feeling fatigued and unfocused. Telepressure was also correlated with sleeping poorly and missing work.
[J] Harvard Business School professor Leslie Perlow explains that when people feel the pressure to be always "on," they fmd ways to accommodate that pressure, including altering their schedules, work habits and interactions with family and friends. Perlow calls this vicious cycle the "cycle of responsiveness" : Once bosses and colleagues experience an employee's increased responsiveness, they increase their demands on the employee's time. And because a failure to accept these increased demands indicates a lack of commitment to one's work, the employee complies.
[K] To address skyrocketing employee stress levels, many companies have implemented workplace wellness programs, partnering with health care providers that have created programs to promote employee health and well-being. Some research does suggest that these programs hold promise. A study of employees at health insurance provider Aetna revealed that roughly one quarter of those taking in-office yoga and mindfulness classes reported a 28% reduction in their stress levels and a 20% improvement in sleep quality. These less-stressed workers gained an average of 62 minutes per week of productivity. While yoga and meditation (靜思) are scientifically proven to reduce stress levels, these programs do little to target the root causes of burnout and disengagement. The conditions creating the stress are long hours, unrealistic demands and deadlines, and work-life conflict.
[L] Moen and her colleagues may have found the solution. In a 2011 study, she investigated the effects of implementing a Results Only Work Environment (ROWE. on the productivity and well-being of employees at Best Buy's corporate headquarters.
[M] For the study,325 employees spent six months taking part in ROWE, while a control group of 334 employees continued with their normal workflow. The ROWE participants were allowed to freely determine when, where and how they worked--the only thing that mattered was that they got the job done. The results were striking. After six months, the employees who participated in ROWE reported reduced work-family conflict and a better sense of control of their time, and they were getting a full hour of extra sleep each night. The employees were less likely to leave their jobs, resulting in reduced turnover. It's important to note that the increased flexibility didn't encourage them to work around the clock. "They didn't work anywhere and all the time--they were better able to manage their work," Moen said. "Flexibility and control is key," she continued.
36. Workplace norms pressure employees to overwork, deterring them from taking paid time off.
37. The overwhelming majority of employees attribute their stress mainly to low pay and an excessive workload.
38. According to Moen, flexibility gives employees better control over their work and time.
39. Flexibility resulting from the use of digital devices benefits employers instead of employees.
40. Research finds that if employees suffer from high stress, they will be less motivated, less productive and more likely to quit.
41. In-office wellness programs may help reduce stress levels, but they are hardly an ultimate solution to the problem.
42. Health problems caused by stress in the workplace result in huge public health expenses.
43. If employees respond quickly to their job assignments, the employer is likely to demand more from them.
44. With technology everywhere in our life, it has become virtually impossible for most workers to keep a balance between work and life.
45. In America today, even teenagers suffer from stress, and their problem is even more serious than grown-ups'.
Section C
Directions: There are 2 passages in this section. Each passage is followed by some questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. You should decide on the best choice and mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre.
Passage One
Questions 46 to 50 are based on the following passage.
Dr. Donald Sadoway at MIT started his own battery company with the hope of changing the world's energy future. It's a dramatic endorsement for a technology most people think about only when their smartphone goes dark. But Sadoway isn't alone in trumpeting energy storage as a missing link to a cleaner, more efficient, and more equitable energy future.
Scientists and engineers have long believed in the promise of batteries to change the world.Advanced batteries are moving out of specialized markets and creeping into the mainstream, signaling a tipping point for forward-looking technologies such as electric cars and rooftop solar propels.
The ubiquitous (無所不在的) battery has already come a long way, of course. For better or worse, batteries make possible our mobile-first lifestyles, our screen culture, our increasingly globalized world. Still, as impressive as all this is, it may be trivial compared with what comes next.Having already enabled a communications revolution, the battery is now poised to transform just about everything else.
The wireless age is expanding to include not just our phones, tablets, and laptops, but also our cars, homes, and even whole communities. In emerging economies, rural communities are bypassing the wires and wooden poles that spread power. Instead, some in Africa and Asia are seeing their first lightbulbs illuminated by the power of sunlight stored in batteries.
Today, energy storage is a $ 33 billion global industry that generates nearly 100 gigawatt-hours of electricity per year. By the end of the decade, it's expected to be worth over $ 50 billion and generate 160 gigawatt-hours, enough to attract the attention of major companies that might not otherwise be interested in a decidedly pedestrian technology. Even utility companies, which have long Viewed batteries and alternative forms of energy as a threat, are learning to embrace the technologies as enabling rather than disrupting.
Today's battery breakthroughs come as the. world looks to expand modern energy access to the billion or so people without it, while also cutting back on fuels that warm the planet.Those simultaneous challenges appear less overwhelming with increasingly better answers to a centuries-old question: how to make power portable.
To be sure, the battery still has a long way to go before the nightly recharge completely replaces the weekly trip to the gas station. A battery-powered world comes with its own risks, too. What happens to the centralized electric grid, which took decades and billions of dollars to build, as more and more people become "prosumers," who produce and consume their own energy onsite?
No one knows which--if any--battery technology will ultimately dominate, but one thing remains clear. The future of energy is in how we store it.
46. What does Dr. Sadoway think of energy storage?
A. It involves the application of sophisticated technology.
B. It is the direction energy development should follow.
C. It will prove to be a profitable business.
D. It is a technology benefiting everyone.
47. What is most likely to happen when advanced batteries become widely used?
A. Mobile-first lifestyles will become popular.
B. The globalization process will be accelerated.
C. Communications will take more diverse forms.
D. The world will undergo revolutionary changes.
48. In some rural communities of emerging economies, people have begun to ___________.
A. find digital devices simply indispensable
B. communicate primarily by mobile phone
C. light their homes with stored solar energy
D. distribute power with wires and wooden poles
49. Utility companies have begun to realize that battery technologies ___________.
A. benefit their business
B. transmit power faster
C. promote innovation
D. encourage competition
50. What does the author imply about the centralized electric grid?
A. It might become a thing of the past.
B. It might turn out to be a "prosumer".
C. It will be easier to operate and maintain.
D. It will have to be completely transformed.
Passage Two
Questions 51 to 55 are based on the following passage.
More than 100 years ago, American sociologist W. E. B. Du Bois was concerned that race was being used as a biological explanation for what he understood to be social and cultural differences between different populations of people. He spoke out against the idea of "white" and "black" as distinct groups, claiming that these distinctions ignored the scope of human diversity.
Science would favor Du Bois. Today, the mainstream belief among scientists is that race is a social construct without biological meaning. In an article published in the journal Science, four scholars say racial categories need to be phased out. "Essentially, I could not agree more with the authors," said Svante Pääbo, a biologist and director of the Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology in Germany. In one example that demonstrated genetic differences were not fixed along racial lines, the full genomes (基因組) of James Watson and Craig Venter, two famous American scientists of European ancestry, were compared to that of a Korean scientist, Seong-Jin Kim. It turned out that Watson and Venter shared fewer variations in their genetic sequences than they each shared with Kim.
Michael Yudell, a professor of public health at Drexel University in Philadelphia, said that modem genetics research is operating in a paradox: on the one hand, race is understood to be a useful tool to illuminate human genetic diversity, but on the other hand, race is also understood to be a poorly defined marker of that diversity.
Assumptions about genetic differences between people of different races could be particularly dangerous in a medical setting. "If you make clinical predictions based on somebody's race, you're going to be wrong a good chunk of the time," Yudell told Live Science. In the paper, he and his colleagues used the example of cystic fibrosis, which is underdiagnosed in people of African ancestry because it is thought of as a "white" disease.
So what other variables could be used if the racial concept is thrown out? Yudell said scientists need to get more specific with their language, perhaps using terms like "ancestry" or "population" that might more precisely reflect the relationship between humans and their genes, on both the individual and population level. The researchers also acknowledged that there are a few areas where race as a construct might still be useful in scientific research: as a political and social, but not biological, variable.
"While we argue phasing out racial terminology (術語) in the biological sciences, we also acknowledge that using race as a political or social category to study racism, although filled with lots of challenges, remains necessary given our need to understand how structural inequities and discrimination produce health disparities (差異) between groups. " Yudell said.
51. Du Bois was opposed to the use of race as ________.
A. a basis for explaining human genetic diversity
B. an aid to understanding different populations
C. an explanation for social and cultural differences
D. a term to describe individual human characteristics
52. The study by Svante Pääbo served as an example to show ________.
A. modern genetics research is likely to fuel racial conflicts
B. race is a poorly defined marker of human genetic diversity
C. race as a biological term can explain human genetic diversity
D. genetics research should consider social and cultural variables
53. The example of the disease cystic fibrosis underdiagnosed in people of African ancestry demonstrates that ________.
A. it is absolutely necessary to put race aside in making diagnosis
B. it is important to include social variables in genetics research
C. racial categories for genetic diversity could lead to wrong clinical predictions
D. discrimination against black people may cause negligence in clinical treatment
54. What is Yudell's suggestion to scientists?
A. They be more precise with the language they use.
B. They refrain from using politically sensitive terms.
C. They throw out irrelevant concepts in their research.
D. They examine all possible variables in their research.
55. What can be inferred from Yudell's remark in the last paragraph?
A. Clinging to racism prolongs inequity and discrimination.
B. Physiological disparities are quite striking among races.
C. Doing away with racial discrimination is challenging.
D. Racial terms are still useful in certain fields of study.
Part Ⅳ Translation (30 minutes)
Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to translate a passage from Chinese into English. You should write your answer on Answer Sheet 2.
隨著中國經濟的蓬勃發展，學漢語的人數迅速增加，使漢語成了世界上人們最愛學的語言之一。近年來，中國大學在國際上的排名也有了明顯的提高。由于中國教育的巨大進步，中國成為最受海外學生歡迎的留學目的地之一就不足為奇了。2015年，近四十萬國際學生蜂擁來到中國學習。他們學習的科目已不再限于中國語言和文化，而包括科學與工程。在全球教育市場上，美國和英國仍占主導地位，但中國正在迅速趕上。
2016年12月大學英語六級考試真題答案與詳解(第2套)
Part I Writing
高分范文
My View on Innovation
① I'm not sure if you have heard one of Steve Jobs' famous remarks, " Innovation distinguishes between a leader and a follower", which stresses the significance of innovation. ② It goes without saying that innovation can promote the advancement of society and is the most essential quality for anyone who wants to achieve success. ③With innovation, any progress will be possible; however, once indulged in conservatism, everything will remain stagnant.
④Therefore, by some means or other we must come to know how to be innovative. ⑤On the one hand, from the standpoint of a nation, the government should encourage innovation and foster the mindset of continuous learning. ⑥ Only by doing this can our nation achieve new breakthroughs in all walks of life. ⑦ On the other hand, from the perspective of individuals, we should enrich our knowledge reserves and arm ourselves with up-to-date knowledge. ⑧ Only when we are equipped with vast stores of knowledge can we think out different methods when solving a problem.
⑨We should always commit it to our memory that innovation is of great significance to us a J1. ⑩ In our daily life, we need to cultivate the habit of applying new thoughts and methods into practice.
PartⅡ Listening Comprehension
Questions 1 to 4 axe based on the conversation you have just heard.
1． A。
2． D。
3． C。
4． D。
Conversation Two
M: (5) You say your shop has been doing well. Could you give me some idea of what "doing well" means in facts and figures?
W: Well, "doing well" means averaging ￡1,200 or more a week for about 7 years, making almost a quarter of a million pounds. And "doing well" means your earnings are rising. Last year, we did slightly over 50,000 and this year, we hope to do more than 60,000. So, that's good if we continue to rise.
M: Now, that's gross earnings, I assume. What about your expenses?
W: Yes, that's gross. The expenses, of course, go up steadily. And since we've moved to this new shop, the expenses have increased greatly, because it's a much bigger shop. So I couldn't say exactly what our expenses are. They are something in the region of six or seven thousand pounds a year, which is not high.
(6) Commercially speaking, it's fairly low, and we try to keep our expenses as low as we can.
M: (7) And your prices are much lower than the same goods in shops round about. How do the local shopkeepers feel about having a shop doing so well in their midst?
W: Perhaps a lot of them don't realize how well we are doing, because we don't make a point of publicizing. That was a lesson we learned very early on. (8) We were very friendly with all local shopkeepers and we happened to mention to a local shopkeeper how much we had made that week. He was very unhappy and never as friendly again. So we make a point of never publicizing the amount of money we make. But we are on very good terms with all the shops. None of them have ever complained that we are putting them out of business or anything like that. I think it's a nice friendly relationship. Maybe if they did know what we made, perhaps they wouldn't be so friendly.
Questions 5 to 8 are based on the conversation you have just heard.
5．B。
6． C。
7． A。
8． D。
Passage One
Birds are famous for carrymg things around．Some，like homing pigeons，can be trained to deliver messages and packages．Other birds unknowingly carry seeds that cling to them for the ride．(9)Canadian scientists have found a worrisome．new example of the power that birds have to spread stuff around．Way up north in the Canadian ArctiC．seabirds are picking up dangerous chemicals in the ocean and delivering them to ponds near where the birds five．
Some l0．000 pairs of the birds，called flllitlars，a kind of ArctiC seabird．make their nests on Devon Island．north of the Arctic Circle．(10)The fllfinars travel some 400 kilometers over the sea to find food．
When they return home，their droppings end up all around their nesting sites，including in nearby ponds．
(11)Previously．scientists noticed ponutants arriving in the Arctic with the wind．Salmon also carry dangerous chemicals as the fish migrate between rivers and the sea．The bodies of fish and other meat—eaters Can build up high levels of the chemicals．
To test the polluting power of fulmars，researchers coUected samples of deposit from 11 ponds on Devon Island．In ponds closest to the colony，the results showed there were far more pollutants than in ponds less affected by the birds．The poHutantS in the ponds appear to come from fish that fulIIlars eat when they’re out on the ocean．(12)People who five，hunt，or fish near bird colonies need to be carefitl，the researchers say．The birds don’t mean to cause harm，but the chemicals they calTy Can cause major problems．
Questions 9 to 12 are based on the passage you have iust heard．
9． B。
10． C。
11．A。
12． C。
Passage Two
Questions 13 to 15 are based on the passage you have iust heard.
預覽三道題各選項，由選項中出現的centenarians，death，cure，health，fail，life等詞可以推測，短文內容與百歲老人的身體健康狀況以及導致他們死亡的疾病有關。
13． A。
14． B。
15．What is characteristic of people who live up t0100 years and beyond?
C。短文中提到，那些能夠身體健康地活到百歲以上的老人們，最終向諸如老年癡呆癥這樣影響精神與認知功能的疾病屈服了，換言之，他們的精神似乎在他們的身體出問題前就先出問題了，故答案為C。
Recording One
Questions 16 to 18 are based on the recording you have just heard.
16．A。
17． C。
18．D。
Recording Two
19． A。
20． B。
21． B。
22． D。
Recording Three
Questions 23 to 25 are based on the recording you have just heard.
23．What is the aim of Michelle Obama’s campaign?
A。講座開頭提到，米歇爾·奧巴馬的“Let’s Move!”是通過鼓勵孩子們多做體育運動以減少兒童期肥胖現象的活動。因此，該活動的目的在于對抗兒童肥胖，故答案為A。
24．What does research find about advertisements featuring professional athletes?
D。講座中提到，2010年，研究人員在報告中說，12至17歲的青少年看運動員所宣傳的食品和飲料類商業廣告比成年人多。因此，由職業運動員代言的廣告給兒童留下的印象甚于給成年人留下的印象，故答案為D.。
25．What does the speaker think kids’idols should do?
C。講座最后提到，如果兒童以運動員為偶像，那么偶像言行一致對他們才最有利。偶像們言行一致地傳達積極的行為，才能給孩子們提供可以效仿的更加健康的生活方式，故答案為C。
Part Ⅲ Reading Comprehension
名詞：H.habitats棲息地，生長環境；I.legacy遺產；K.offspring子孫，后代
動詞：A.ages長大，變老；B.breathing呼吸；L.replanting重新種植；O.withdraws撤退，移開
形容詞：C.climatic氣候的；G.fruitful果實累累的，富有成效的；N.vulnerable脆弱的，易受傷害的
副詞：D.elsewhere其他地方，別處；E.exclusively專有地，排外地，唯一地；F.forever永遠；J.notably顯著地，尤其；M.subsequently隨后，后來
26．D.elsewhere。
27．C.climatic。
28．A.ages。
29．K.offspring。
30．E.exclusively。
31．M.subsequently
32．J.notably。
33．H.habitats。
34．L.replanting。
35．N.vulnerable。
美國工作場所已經瓦解。我們應按以下方法著手解決此問題。
[A]美國人的工作時間比以往任何時候都長。83％的人表示工作壓力大，近50％的人表示工作壓力已經影響了他們的睡眠，60％的人在非工作時間用智能手機工作。難怪全世界只有13％的員工喜歡自己所從事的工作。
[B]然而，現在這種激烈的競爭環境已經開始露出了一線曙光：美國人現在開始意識到了工作對自己的影響，而雁主也在探索如何減少壓力和過度勞累所帶來的負面影響。但還是任重道遠。把壓力比喻成一種流行病，這種說法一點也不夸張。(37)在感到工作壓力大的美國員工中，有83％(去年僅為73％)的人表示，他們最大的壓力主要源于低報酬和不合理的工作量。如果你猜想現在工作比幾十年前壓力大，這種想法一點沒錯。從l983年到2009年，女性和男性的壓力水平分別增長了18％和24％。(45)同時，壓力也開始呈現“年輕化”的趨勢，一些數據表明，當今青少年的壓力比成年人還大。
[C](42)壓力對我們的健康影響非常大，并且由此可能會導致巨額的公共衛生花費。職業壓力增加了患心臟病和糖尿病的風險，同時還會加速老齡化，減少壽命，導致抑郁和焦慮，并且帶來其他各種健康問題。總體而言，與壓力相關的健康問題占醫院總就診量的90％，而其中許多健康問題都是可預防的。正如《華盛頓郵報》所說，工作是真會“要了你的命啊”。同時工作壓力大也傷害到了我們與他人的關系。在職的家長表示，他們感到壓力大，很疲憊，總是匆匆忙忙，陪伴孩子、朋友和愛人的高質量時間實在是太少了。
[D]十分之七的員工表示很難保持工作與生活的平衡。(44)隨著科技的發展，尤其是工作電子郵件已經滲透到了我們生活的方方面面，“保持工作生活平衡”幾乎成了一個沒有意義的術語。菲利斯·摩恩說道，瞬息萬變的經濟、不確定的未來，再加上一周七天，一天二十四小時全天候的連接，這就是過度勞累的原因。摩恩說：“工作需求，以及兼并，收購，裁員等其他不安全性因素都日益上升。難以保持工作生活平衡的部分原因就是來自于未來的不確定性”。
[E]這些因素湊在一起，造成了越來越多不可能維持的情況，許多員工都因過度工作到了倦怠點。這不僅對員工而言是不可持續的，對于雇用他們的公司來說也是不可持續的。(40)科學表明員工們長時間處于高壓力與他們缺勤，生產力降低和高離職率之間有著明顯的相關性。太多的工作場所政策缺乏靈活性，甚至在員工最需要休息的時候，也不允許他們休息，這使得員工無法保持工作與生活健康的平衡關系。
[F]根據2007年的一項研究，美國在家庭福利政策方面，例如帶薪育兒假，帶薪病假和支持母乳喂養，遠遠落后于每一個發達國家，以及許多發展中國家。美國也是世界上唯一不提供帶薪休假的發達國家，世界上僅有的兩個不提供帶薪產假的國家之一。(36)但是，即使員工得到帶薪休假的機會，工作場所的規則和期望也會迫使他們過度工作，從而沒有機會去使用它。得到帶薪休假的全職員工們通常只用了一半的假期。
[G]我們現在的工作時間也是按照過時的作息時間安排的。8小時工作日的做法是3-業革命時代的產物，當時流行的一句話特別能體現出這一點，“八小時勞動，八小時娛樂，八小時休息。”
[H]我們堅持這種工作日的結構——但是數字設備使許多員工從來沒有真正下班過。當今，美國人平均每天工作8．8小時，而大多數的職場人士在晚上、周末甚至在休假期間，都會花額外時間工作。(39)技術本身并不是問題，問題是技術被用來為雇主創造更多的靈活性，而不是為雇員提供了便利。在競爭激烈的工作環境中，雇主利用高科技手段要求員工提供更多的服務，而不是使用技術為員工提供福利，讓員工更加靈活地工作，以此來激勵他們。
[I]在去年發表的一項研究中，心理學家創造了一個術語“工作場所遠程壓力”，來描述員工想要立即回復郵件的強烈欲望．和想要立即回復老板、同事或客戶電子郵件的癡迷。研究人員發現，遠程壓力是工作壓力的主要原因，隨著時間的推移，還會造成身體和精神的倦怠。在參加此項研究的300名員工中，那些經歷過高度遠程壓力的員工更有可能會認同倦怠的評價，例如“我早晨上班時沒有精力”，并說自己感到疲勞和無法專心工作。遠程壓力也與睡眠不足和工作失誤相關。
[J]哈佛商學院教授萊斯利·佩洛解釋說，當人們感受到總是需要“在線”的壓力時，就會找到辦法來適應這種壓力，例如，改變日程表、工作習慣和減少與家人和朋友的互動。佩洛將這種惡性循環稱為“響應周期”：
(43)一旦老板和同事發現某個員工，工作完成得更快了，就會要求該員工工作更長時間。不接受這些增加的工作就會表明自己對工作不盡忠盡責，所以該員工只好選擇服從。
[K](41-1)為解決員工壓力暴增的問題，許多公司已經實施了工作場所健康計劃，他們與醫療保健供應商合作，由其提供促進員工健康和福利的項目。一些研究確實表明這些方案有希望。健康保險提供商Aetna做的一項員工研究表明，參加辦公室瑜伽和正念課程的人中，大約四分之一的人報告其壓力水平減少了28％，睡眠質量改善了20％。這些壓力減緩的員工，平均每周增加了62分鐘的生產率。(41-2)雖然科學證明瑜伽和冥想可以減少壓力，但這些計劃幾乎沒有針對倦怠和脫節的根本原因。造成壓力大的根本原因是長時間工作，不切買際的要求和完成工作的期限，以及工作生活的沖突。
[L]摩恩和她同事可能已經找到了解決方案。在2011年的一項研究中，她調查了實施“以成果為宗旨的工作環境”(ROWE.計劃對百思買公司總部員工的生產力和福利的影響。
[M]在這項研究中，325名員工花了6個月參加ROWE計劃，而實驗對照組中有334名員工繼續正常的工作流程。ROWE參與者可以自由決定在何時、何地以及以何種方式工作——只要完成工作就行。這項實驗的結果非常驚人。六個月后，參與ROWE的員工報告說，工作、家庭沖突減少了，他們可以更好地管理自己的時間，同時每晚可多睡一個小時。這些員工跳槽的可能性也減少了，因此降低了雇員流失率。必須指出的是，增加工作靈活性，但并不鼓勵員工全天候工作。(38)“員工并沒有在任何地方，任何時間都在工作——他們能更好地管理工作，”摩恩說。她繼續補充道，“靈活性和掌控性是關鍵”。
36.[F]。
37 [B]。
38． [M]。
39． [H]。
40． [E]。
41． [K]。
42． [C]。
43． [J]。
44．[D]。
45． [B]。
Passage One
46．B。
47．D。
48．C。
49．A。
50．A。
Passage Two
51. A。
52．B。
53．C。
根據題干中的cystic fibrosis和underdiagnosed in people of African ancestry定位到文章第五段最后兩句：“If you make clinical predictions based on somebody’S race，you’re going to be wrong a good chunk of the time．”YudeH told Live Science．In the paper，he and his coHeagues used the example of cystic fibrosis，which is underdiagnosed in people of African ancestry because it is thought of as a“white”disease．
推理判斷題。定位句的第一句指出，亞戴爾認為如果臨床預測是基于病人的種族做出的，那么大部分時候結果都是錯的，緊接著在下一句里亞戴爾舉出囊性纖維化的例子，該疾病被認為是“白種人”的疾病，因此很容易在非裔人身上漏診，由此可以推出，亞戴爾以囊性纖維化為例是想說明上一句話里的觀點，即對遺傳多樣性進行種族分類可能導致錯誤的臨床預測，故答案為C.。
A.“診斷時不去考慮種族是絕對必要的”，定位句只是說依據種族做出的臨床預測大部分時
候都是錯的，該選項的表述過于絕對，故排除；B.“讓遺傳研究包含社會變量很重要”，第六段最后一句提到社會變量，但該句是指種族作為社會變量可能在科學研究中仍有用，這是研究人員的觀點，并非囊性纖維化的例子想要說明的問題，故排除；D.“對黑人的歧視可能導致臨床治療上的疏忽”，文中沒有提到對黑人的歧視，且定位句提及的是臨床預測而不是臨床治療，故排除。
54．A。
55．D。
由題于中的the last paragraph定位到文章最后一段：“…we also acknowledge that using race as a political or social category to study racism，although filled with lots of challenges，remains necessary given our need to understand how structural inequities and discrimination produce health disparities(差異)between groups，”Yudeli said．
推理判斷題。定位句指出，亞戴爾說道：“……我們也承認，考慮到我們需要了解結構性的不平等和歧視是如何使群體之間產生健康差異的，將種族用作研究種族主義的政治或社會范疇仍有必要，盡管這充滿了挑戰。”由此可知，在研究種族歧視的這些領域里，種族術語仍有用，故答案為D.。
A.“堅持種族主義使不公和歧視更加持久”，原文只指出將種族用作研究種族主義的政治或社會范疇仍有必要，而不是堅持種族主義，故排除A.；B.“種族之間的生理學差異非常驚人”，第三段最后一句提到在一項研究中，兩位歐裔美國科學家共有的基因序列變異少于他們每個人與韓國科學家共有的基因序列變異，這說明遺傳差異不會按照種族界限固定下來，因此B.與原文表述相反，故排除；
C.“消除種族歧視具有挑戰性”，定位段指出充滿挑戰的是將種族用作研究種族主義的政治或社會范疇，而不是消除種族歧視，故該選項是對原文的曲解，故排除。
Part Ⅳ Translation
As China's economy surges, so does the number of people learning Chinese, which makes it become one of the favorite languages to be learned in the world. In recent years, Chinese universities have also made notable gains in the international university league table. Owing to the great progress of China's education, it's no wonder that China has become one of the most popular destinations for overseas students to study abroad.
In 2015, nearly four hundred thousand international students flocked into China to study. Their courses of study are no longer confined to the Chinese language and culture, but include Science and Engineering. In the global education market, America and Britain still play a leading role, but China is rapidly catching up.
以上就是小編整理的“2016年12月英語六級真題（第二套）
”內容，希望能夠幫助同學們考過英語六級，更多英語六級真題以及答案，點擊社科賽斯考研網。
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