英語六級(jí)考試還有兩個(gè)多月的時(shí)間，英語六級(jí)真題真的可以刷起來了！為了幫助同學(xué)們順利考過英語六級(jí)，社科賽斯考研網(wǎng)小編為同學(xué)們整理了2015年12月大學(xué)英語六級(jí)考試真題(第2套)
2015年12月大學(xué)英語六級(jí)考試真題(第2套)
Part IWriting(30 minutes)
Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a short essay based on the picture below. You should focus on the difficulty in acquiring useful information in spite of advanced information technology. You are required to write at least 150 words but no more than 200 words．
Part II Listening Comprehension(30 minutes)
Section A
Directions: In this section, you will hear 8 short conversations and 2 long conversations. At the end of each conversation, one or more questions will be asked about what was said. Both the conversation and the questions will be spoken only once. After each question there will be a pause. During the pause, you must read the four choices marked A), B), C.and D., and decide which is the best answer. Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet I with a single line through the centre.
1. A.She is impatient to learn computer programming.
B.She is unaware her operation system is outdated.
C.She is unable to use the new computer program.
D. She is amazed at the fast change of technology.
2.A.He has long been fed up with traveling.
B.He prefers to stay home for the holiday.
C.He is going out of town for a couple of days.
D. He is annoyed by the heavy traffic downtown.
3.A.The challenges facing East Asia.
B.The location for their new office.
C.Their expansion into the overseas market
D. The living expenses in Tokyo and Singapore.
4. A.A number of cell phones were found after the last show.
B.The woman forgot where she had left her cell phone.
C.The woman was very pleased to find her cell phone.
D. Reserved tickets could be picked up at the ticket counter.
5.A.The building materials will be delivered soon.
B.The project is being held up by bad weather.
C.The construction schedule may not be met.
D. Qualified carpenters are not easy to find.
6.A.She is getting very forgetful these days.
B.She does not hold on to bitter feelings.
C.She resents the way she is treated.
D. She never intends to hurt anyone.
7.A.The man wants to rent a small apartment.
B.The woman has trouble getting a mortgage.
C.The woman is moving to a foreign country.
D.The man is trying to sell the woman a house.
8. A.They are writing a story for the Morning News.
B.They are facing great challenges to get re-elected.
C.They are launching a campaign to attract women voters.
D.They are conducting a survey among the women in town.
Questions 9 to 11 are based on the conversation you have just heard.
9.A.Touch his heart.
B.Make him cry.
C.Remind him of his life.
D.Make him feel young.
10. A.He is good at singing operas.
B.He enjoys complicated music:
C.He can sing any song if he likes it.
D.He loves country music in particular.
11.A.Go to a bar and drink for hours.
B.Go to an isolated place to sing blues.
C.Go to see a performance in a concert hall.
D.Go to work and wrap himself up in music.
Questions 12 to 15 are based on the conversation you have just heard.
12.A.How he became an announcer.
B.How he writes news stories.
C.How he makes his living.
D.How he does his job.
13.A.They write the first version of news stories.
B.They gather news stories on the spot.
C.They polish incoming news stories.
D.They write comments on major news stories.
14. A.Reading through the news stories in a given period of time.
B.Having little time to read the news before going on the air.
C.Having to change the tone of his voice from time to time.
D.Getting all the words and phrases pronounced correctly.
15.A.It shows where advertisements come in.
B.It gives a signal for him to slow down.
C.It alerts him to something important.
D.It serves as a reminder of sad news.
Section B
Directions : In this section, you will hear 3 short passages. At the end of each passage, you will hear some questions. Both the passage and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a question, you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked A), B),C).and D). Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet I with a single line through the centre.
Passage One
Questions 16 to 18 are based on the passage you have just heard.
16. A.It gives pleasure to both adults and children.
B.It is often carried around by small children.
C.It can be found in many parts of the world.
D.It was invented by an American Indian.
17. A.They were made for earning a living.
B.They were delicate geometric figures.
C.They were small circus figures made of wire.
D.They were collected by a number of museums.
18.A.In art.
B.In geometry.
C.In engineering.
D.In circus performance.
Passage Two
Questions 19 to 21 are based on the passage you have just heard.
19. A.They offer students a wide variety of courses.
B.They attract students from all over the world.
C.They admit more students than they can handle.
D.They have trouble dealing with overseas students.
20. A.Everyone will benefit from education sooner or later.
B.A good education contributes to the prosperity of a nation.
C.A good education is necessary for one to climb the social ladder.
D.Everyone has a right to an education appropriate to his potential.
21. A.He likes students with high motivation.
B.He enjoys teaching intelligent students.
C.He tailors his teaching to students' needs.
D.He treats all his students in a fair manner.
Passage Three
Questions 22 to 25 are based on the passage you have just heard.
22. A.It is mostly imported from the Middle East.
B.It is a sure indicator of its economic activity.
C.It has a direct impact on the international oil market.
D.It equals more than 30 million barrels of oil each day.
23. A.It eventually turns into heat.
B.It is used in a variety of forms.
C.Its use is chiefly responsible for air pollution.
D.Part of it is lost in the process of transmission.
24.A.When it is used in rural areas.
B.When it is environment-friendly.
C.When it operates at near capacity.
D.When it operates at regular times.
25.A.Traffic jams in cities.
B.Inefficient use of energy.
C.Fuel shortage.
D.Global warming.
Section C
Directions: In this section, you will hear a passage three times. When the passage is read for the first time, you should listen carefully for its general idea. When the passage is read for the second time, you are required to fill in the blanks with the exact words you have just heard. Finally, when the passage is read for the third time, you should check what you have written.
Graphics are used in textbooks as part of the language of the discipline, as in math or economics, or as study aids. Authors use graphic aids to 26 and expand on concepts taken up in the text because graphics are yet another way of portraying relationships and 27 connections.
Graphics are used extensively in natural sciences and social sciences. Social scientists work with statistics 28 data, and the best way to present these statistics is often in graphic form. Graphics are included- not merely as a means of making the information easier for the student to grasp, but as an integral part of the way social scientists think. Many textbooks, 29 those in economics, contain appendixes that provide specific information on reading and working with graphic material.
Make it a practice to 30 attentively the titles, captions, headings, and other material connected with graphics. These elements 31 and usually explain what you are looking at. When you are examining graphics, the 32 questions to ask are (a.)What is this item about? and (b.)Whatkey idea is the author 33 ?
One warning: Unless you integrate your reading of graphics with the text, you may make a wrong assumption. 34 , from a chart indicating that 33 percent of firstborn children in a research sample did not feel close to their fathers, you might assume that some dreadful influence was at work on the firstborn children. However, a careful reading of the text 35 that most of the firstborn children in the sample were from single-parent homes in which the father was absent.
Part III Reading Comprehension (40 minutes)
Section A
Directions: In this section, there is a passage with ten blanks. You are required to select one word for each blank from a list of choices given in a word bank following the passage. Read the passage through carefully before making your choices. Each choice in the bank is identified by a letter. Please mark the corresponding letter for each item on Answer
Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre. You may not use any of the words in the bank more than once.
Questions 36 to 45 are based on the following passage.
According to a report from the Harvard School of Public Health, many everyday products, including some bug sprays and cleaning fluids, could lead to an increased risk of brain and behavioral disorders in children. The developing brain, the report says, is particularly 36 to the toxic effects of certain chemicals these products may contain, and the damage they cause can be 37 .
The official policy, however, is still evolving. Health and environmental 38 have long urged U.S. government agencies to 39 the use of some of the 11 chemicals the report cites and called for more studies on their long-term effects. In 2001, for example, the Environmental Protection Agency 40 the type and amount of lead that could be present in paint and soil in homes and child-care 41, after concerns were raised about lead poisoning. The agency is now 42 the toxic effects of some of the chemicals in the latest report.
But the threshold for regulation is high. Because children's brain and behavioral disorders, like hyperactivity and lower grades, can also be linked to social and genetic factors, it's tough to pin them on exposure to specific chemicals with solid 43 evidence, which is what the EPA requires. Even the Harvard study did not prove a direct 44 but noted strong associations between exposure and risk of behavioral issues.
Nonetheless, it's smart to 45 caution. While it may be impossible to prevent kids from drinking tap water that may contain trace amounts of chemicals, keeping kids away from lawns recently sprayed with chemicals and freshly dry-cleaned clothes can't hurt.
A.advocates
B.compact
C.correlation
D.exercise
E. facilities
F. interaction
G. investigating
H. overwhelmed
I. particles
J. permanent
K. restricted
L. simulating
M. statistical
N. tighten
O. vulnerable
Section B
Directions : In this section, you are going to read a passage with ten statements attached to it. Eachstatement contains information given in one of the paragraphs. Identify the paragraph from which the information is derived. You may choose a paragraph more than once. Each paragraph is marked with a letter.Answer the questions by marking the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2.
The Impossibility of Rapid Energy Transitions
[ A ] Politicians are fond of promising rapid energy transitions. Whether it is a transition from imported to domestic oil or from coal-powered electricity production to natural-gas power plants, politicians love to talk big. Unfortunately for them (and often the taxpayers), our energy systems are a bit like an aircraft carrier: they are unbelievably expensive, they are built to last for a very long time, they have a huge amount of inertia ( meaning it takes a lot of energy to set them moving ), and they have a lot of momentum once they are set in motion. No matter how hard you try, you can't turn something that large on a dime ( 10美分硬幣 ), or even a few thousand dimes.
[ B ] In physics, moving objects have two characteristics relevant to understanding the dynamics of energy systems: inertia and momentum. Inertia is the resistance of objects to efforts to change their state of motion. If you try to push a boulder ( 大圓石 ), it pushes you back. Once you have started the boulder rolling, it develops momentum, which is defined by its mass and velocity.Momentum is said to be "conserved," that is, once you build it up, it has to go somewhere. So a heavy object, like a football player moving at a high speed, has a lot of momentum-that is, once he is moving, it is hard to change his state of motion. If you want to change his course, you have only a few choices: you can stop him, transferring ( possibly painfully) some of his kinetic energy (動(dòng)能) to your own body, or you can approach alongside and slowly apply pressure to gradually alter his course.
[ C ] But there are other kinds of momentum as well. After all, we don't speak only of objects or people as having momentum; we speak of entire systems having momentum. Whether it's a sports team or a presidential campaign, everybody relishes having the big momentum, because it makes them harder to stop or change direction.
[ D ] One kind of momentum is technological momentum. When a technology is deployed, its impacts reach far beyond itself. Consider the incandescent (白熾燈的) bulb, an object currently hated by many environmentalists and energy-efficiency advocates. The incandescent light bulb, invented by Thomas Edison, which came to be the symbol of inspiration, has been developed into hundreds, if not thousands, of forms. Today, a visit to a lighting store reveals a stunning array of choices. There are standard-shaped bulbs, flame-shaped bulbs, colored globe-shaped bulbs, and more. It is quite easy, with all that choice, to change a light bulb.
[ E ] But the momentum of incandescent lighting does not stop there. All of those specialized bulbs ledto the building of specialized light fixtures, from the desk lamp you study by, to the ugly but beloved hand-painted Chinese lamp you inherited from your grandmother, to the ceiling fixture in your closet, to the light in your oven or refrigerator, and to the light that the dentist points at you. It is easy to change a light bulb, sure, but it is harder to change the bulb and its fixture.
[ F ] And there is more to the story, because not only are the devices that house incandescent bulbs shaped to their underlying characteristics, but rooms and entire buildings have been designed in accordance with how incandescent lighting reflects off walls and windows.
[ G ] As lighting expert Howard Brandston points out, “ Generally, there are no bad light sources, only bad applications. " There are some very commendable characteristics of the CFL [ compact fluorescent (熒光的) light bulb ], yet the selection of any light source remains inseparable from the luminaire (照明裝置 ) that houses it, along with the space in which both are installed, and lighting requirements that need to be satisfied. The lamp, the fixture, and the room, all three must work in concert for the true benefits of end-users. If the CFL should be used for lighting a particular space, or an object within that space, the fixture must be designed to work with that lamp, and that fixture with the room. It is a symbiotic (共生的 ) relationship. A CFL cannot be simply installed in an incandescent fixture and then expected to produce a visual appearance that is more than washed out, foggy, and dim. The whole fixture must be replaced-light source and luminaire-and this is never an inexpensive proposition.
[ H ] And Brandston knows a thing or two about lighting, being the man who illuminated the Statue of Liberty.
[ I ]Another type of momentum we have to think about when planning for changes in our energy systems is labor-pool momentum. It is one thing to say that we are going to shift 30 percent of our electricity supply from, say, coal to nuclear power in 20 years. But it is another thing to have a supply of trained talent that could let you carry out this promise. That is because the engineers,designers, regulators, operators, and all of the other skilled people needed for the new energy industry are specialists who have to be trained first ( or retrained, if they are the ones being laid off in some related industry), and education, like any other complicated endeavor, takes time.And not only do our prospective new energy workers have to be trained, they have to be trained in the right sequence. One needs the designers, and perhaps the regulators, before the builders and operators, and each group of workers in training has to know there is work waiting beyond graduation. In some cases, colleges and universities might have to change their training programs,adding another layer of difficulty.
[ J ] By far the biggest type of momentum that comes into play when it comes to changing our energy systems is economic momentum. The major components of our energy systems, such as fuel production, refining, electrical generation and distribution, are costly installations that have lengthy life spans. They have to operate for long periods of time before the costs of development have been recovered. When investors put up money to build, say, a nuclear power plant, they expect to earn that money back over the planned life of the plant, which is typically between 40and 60 years. Some coal power plants in the United States have operated for more than 70 years!
The oldest continuously operated commercial hydro-electric plant in the United States is on New York's Hudson River, and it went into commercial service in 1898.
[ K ] As Vaclav Smil points out, "All the forecasts, plans, and anticipations cited above have failed so miserably because their authors and promoters thought the transitions they hoped to implement would proceed unlike all previous energy transitions, and that their progress could be accelerated in an unprecedented manner. "
[ L ] When you hear people speaking of making a rapid transition toward any type of energy, whether it is a switch from coal to nuclear power, or a switch from gasoline-powered cars to electric cars, or even a switch.from an incandescent to a fluorescent light, understanding energy system inertia and momentum can help you decide whether their plans are feasible.
46. Not only moving objects and people but all systems have momentum.
47. Changing the current energy system requires the systematic training of professionals and skilled labor.
48. Changing a light bulb is easier than changing the fixture housing it.
49. Efforts to accelerate the current energy transitions didn't succeed as expected.
50. To change the light source is costly because you have to change the whole fixture.
51. Energy systems, like an aircraft carrier set in motion, have huge momentum.
52. The problem with lighting, if it arises, often doesn't lie in light sources but in their applications.
53. The biggest obstacle to energy transition is that the present energy system is too expensive to replace.
54. The application of a technology can impact areas beyond itself.
55. Physical characteristics of moving objects help explain the dynamics of energy systems.
Section C
Directions: There are 2 passages in this section. Each passage is followed by some questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A), B), C),and D ). You should decide on the best choice and mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre.
Passage One
Questions 56 to 60 are based on the following passage.
One hundred years ago, "Colored" was the typical way of referring to Americans of African descent. Twenty years later, it was purposefully dropped to make way for "Negro. " By the late 1960s,that term was overtaken by "Black. " And then, at a press conference in Chicago in 1988, Jesse Jackson declared that "African American" was the term to embrace. This one was chosen because it echoed the labels of groups, such as "Italian Americans" and "Irish Americans," that had already beenfreed of widespread discrimination.
A century's worth of calculated name changes point to the fact that naming any group is a politically freighted exercise. A 2001 study cataloged all the ways in which the term "Black" carried connotations (涵義) that were more negative than those of "African American. "
But if it was known that "Black" people were viewed differently from "African Americans,"researchers, until now, hadn't identified what that gap in perception was derived from. A recent study, conducted by Emory University's Erika Hall, found that "Black" people are viewed more negatively.than "African Americans" because of a perceived difference in socioeconomic status. As a result,"Black" people are thought of as less competent and as having colder personalities.
The study's most striking findings shed light on the racial biases permeating the professional world.Even seemingly harmless details on a resume, it appears, can tap into recruiters' biases. A job application might mention affiliations with groups such as the "Wisconsin Association of African-American Lawyers" or the "National Black Employees Association," the names of which apparently have consequences, and are also beyond their members' control.
In one of the study's experiments, subjects were given a brief description of a man from Chicago with the last name Williams. To one group, he was identified as "African-American," and another was told he was "Black. " With little else to go on, they were asked to estimate Mr. Williams's salary,professional standing, and educational background.
The "African-American" group estimated that he earned about $ 37,000 a year and had a two-year college degree. The "Black" group, on the other hand, put his salary at about $ 29,000, and guessed that he had only "some" college experience. Nearly three-quarters of the first group guessed that Mr.Williams worked at a managerial level, while only 38.5 percent of the second group thought so.
Hall's findings suggest there's an argument to be made for electing to use "African American,"though one can't help but get the sense that it's a decision that papers over the urgency of continued progress. Perhaps a new phrase is needed, one that can bring everyone one big step closer to realizing Du Bois's original, idealistic hope: "It's not the name-it's the Thing that counts. "
56.Why did Jesse Jackson embrace the term "African American" for people of African descent?
57. A.It is free from racial biases.
B.It represents social progress.
C.It is in the interest of common Americans.
D.It follows the standard naming practice.
57. What does the author say about the naming of an ethnic group ?
A.It advances with the times.
B.It is based on racial roots.
C.It merits intensive study.
D.It is politically sensitive.
58.What do Erika Hall's findings indicate?
A.Racial biases are widespread in the professional world.
B.Many applicants don't attend to details on their resumes.
C.Job seekers should all be careful- about their affiliations.
D.Most recruiters are unable to control their racial biases.
59. What does Erika Hall find in her experiment about a man with the last name Williams?
A.African Americans fare better than many other ethnic groups.
B.Black people's socioeconomic status in America remains low.
C.People's conception of a person has much to do with the way he or she is labeled.
D.One's professional standing and income are related to their educational background.
60. What is Dr. Du Bois's ideal?
A.All Americans enjoy equal rights.
B.A person is judged by their worth.
C.A new term is created to address African Americans.
D.All ethnic groups share the nation's continued progress.
Passage Two
Questions 61 to 65 are based on the following passage.
Across the board, American colleges and universities are not doing a very good job of preparing their students for the workplace or their post-graduation lives. This was made clear by the work of two sociologists, Richard Arum and Josipa Roksa.In 2011 they released a landmark study titled"Academically Adrift," which documented the lack of intellectual growth experienced by many people enrolled in college. In particular, Arum and Roksa found, college students were not developing the critical thinking, analytic reasoning and other higher-level skills that are necessary to thrive in today's knowledge-based economy and to lead our nation in a time of complex challenges and dynamic change.
Arum and Roksa placed the blame for students' lack of learning on a watered-down college curriculum and lowered undergraduate work standards. Although going to college is supposed to be a Full-time job, students spent, on average, only 12 to 14 hours a week studying and many were skating through their semesters without doing a significant amount of reading and writing. Students who take more challenging classes and spend more time studying do learn more. But the priorities of many undergraduates are with extracurricular activities, playing sports, and partying and socializing.
Laura Hamilton, the author of a study on parents who pay for college, will argue in a forthcoming book that college administrations are overly concerned with the social and athletic activities of their students. In Paying for the Party, Hamilton describes what she calls the “arty pathway," which eases many students through college, helped-along by various clubs that send students into the party scene and a host of easier majors.By sanctioning this watered-down version of college, universities are"catering to the social and educational needs of wealthy students at the expense of others" who won't enjoy the financial backing or social connections of richer students once they graduate.
These students need to build skills and knowledge during college if they are to use their degrees as a stepping-stone to middle-class mobility. But more privileged students must not waste this opportunity either. As recent graduates can testify, the job market isn't kind to candidates who can't demonstrate genuine competence, along with a well-cultivated willingness to work hard. Nor is the global economy forgiving of an American workforce with increasingly weak literacy, math and science abilities. College graduates will still fare better than those with only a high school education, of course. But a university degree unaccompanied by a gain in knowledge or skills is an empty achievement indeed. For students who have been coasting through college, and for American universities that have been demanding less work, offering more attractions and charging higher tuition, the party may soon be over.
61. What is Arum and Roksa's finding about higher education in America?
A.It aims at stimulating the intellectual curiosity of college students.
B.It fails to prepare students to face the challenges of modern times.
C.It has experienced dramatic changes in recent years.
D.It has tried hard to satisfy students' various needs.
62. What is responsible for the students' lack of higher-level skills?
A.The diluted college curriculum.
B.The boring classroom activities.
C.The absence of rigorous discipline.
D.The outdated educational approach.
63. What does Laura Hamilton say about college administrations?
A.They fail to give adequate help to the needy students.
B.They tend to offer too many less challenging courses.
C.They seem to be out of touch with society.
D.They prioritize non-academic activities.
64. What can be learned about the socially and financially privileged students?
A.They tend to have a sense of superiority over their peers.
B.They can afford to choose easier majors in order to enjoy themselves.
C.They spend a lot of time building strong connections with businesses.
D.They can climb the social ladder even without a degree.
65. What does the author suggest in the last paragraph?
A.American higher education has lost its global competitiveness.
B.People should not expect too much from American higher education.
C. The current situation in American higher education may not last long.
D.It will take a long time to change the current trend in higher education.
Part IVTranslation(30 minutes)
Directions: For this part, you .are allowed 30,minutes to translate a passage from Chinese into English. You should write your answer on Answer Sheet 2.
最近，中國政府決定將其工業(yè)升級(jí)。中國現(xiàn)在涉足建造高速列車、遠(yuǎn)洋船舶、機(jī)器人，甚至飛機(jī)，、不久前，中國獲得了在印度尼西亞(Indonesia)建造一條高鐵的合同；中國還與馬來西亞(Malaysia)簽署了為其提供高速列車的合同j這證明人們信賴中國造產(chǎn)品。
中國造嚴(yán)品越來越受歡迎。中國為此付出了代價(jià)，但這確實(shí)有助于消除貧困，同時(shí)還為世界各地的人們提供了就業(yè)機(jī)會(huì)。這是一件好事，值得稱贊。下次你去商店時(shí)，可能想看一看你所購商品的出產(chǎn)國名。很有可能這件商品是中國造的。
2015年12月大學(xué)英語六級(jí)考試真題答案與詳解(第2套)
Part II Listening Comprehension
1. W: I'm so frustrated with this new computer program. I just can't figure it out.
M: I know what you mean. It could be overwhelming, especially since the technology is always changing.By the time you learn one program, it's outdated.
Q: What do we learn about the woman from the conversation?
C.四個(gè)選項(xiàng)均是以She開頭的句子，前三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中出現(xiàn)了含有im．，un．這類表示否定前綴的詞語，以及computer，outdated，program，technology等與電腦程序相關(guān)的詞匯．故推測(cè)該對(duì)話內(nèi)容以某女士與計(jì)算機(jī)程序之間發(fā)生的不好的事件為主。
對(duì)話中女士表示自己很郁悶，弄不明白新的電腦程序，也就是選項(xiàng)C中“不會(huì)使用”的意思；選項(xiàng)B的干擾性較大，男士指出現(xiàn)在技術(shù)變化快，系統(tǒng)更新得也快．并不是說女士的系統(tǒng)過時(shí)了，故答案為C。
2. W: Don't you wish you were going away for the holiday?
M: No, I'm happy to stay at home. It's pretty irritating having to fight all that holiday traffic just to get out of town for a couple of days.
Q: What does the man mean?
B.四個(gè)選項(xiàng)均是以He開頭的句子，通過選項(xiàng)中出現(xiàn)的traveling，holiday，traffic可以判斷該對(duì)話與男士的假期出行有關(guān)。
對(duì)話中男士明確提出“他寧愿待在家里”，故答案為B。
3. W: We're new in East Asia, so we have to be careful in choosing the location for our regional office.
M: Well, Tokyo and Singapore are both attractive, but the living expenses there are incredibly high.
Q: What are the speakers discussing?
四個(gè)選項(xiàng)均為名詞詞組，故推測(cè)該題考查對(duì)話談?wù)摰闹饕獌?nèi)容。通過選項(xiàng)中出現(xiàn)的地名
East Asia, Tokyo and Singapore 以及 office, market 可以判斷對(duì)話與貿(mào)易市場(chǎng)有關(guān)。
對(duì)話中女士指出她們新進(jìn)入東亞市場(chǎng)，因此在選擇區(qū)域辦公室所在城市時(shí)務(wù)必謹(jǐn)慎，男士也相應(yīng)地指出了兩個(gè)備選城市的優(yōu)缺點(diǎn)，故答案為B。
4. W: Excuse me, did anybody see my cell phone after the last show? It may have slipped out of my pocket during the performance.
M: In fact, we found several. Please go check at the ticket counter.
Q: What do we learn from the conversation?
A.前三個(gè)選項(xiàng)均含有cell phone(S)；再結(jié)合選項(xiàng)B)、C)中的left，find可以推測(cè)，對(duì)話和女士丟手機(jī)有關(guān)；只有選項(xiàng)D)沒有提到手機(jī)，因此成為答案的幾率很小，但是其中提到的地點(diǎn)——售票處——應(yīng)該與丟手機(jī)有關(guān)。
對(duì)話中男士提到演出結(jié)束后他們撿到了好幾個(gè)手機(jī)，讓女士去售票處找，故答案為A。
5. W: Will you be able to complete the project on time?
M: Well, I'm having my carpenters work full time, but some important building materials are being delayed at the customs.
Q: What do we learn from the conversation?
C.四個(gè)選項(xiàng)均為句子，且主語各不相同，因此本題考查對(duì)話的綜合內(nèi)容。buildin9和construction與建筑相關(guān)，held up(耽擱)和schedule與時(shí)間相關(guān)，再結(jié)合bad weather和not be met這類消極方面的詞匯，可推測(cè)對(duì)話內(nèi)容與建筑工程未能按時(shí)完工有關(guān)。
對(duì)話中女士詢問工程是否能夠按時(shí)完工，男士提到木工們?nèi)於荚诠ぷ鳎且恍┲匾牧显谶^海關(guān)時(shí)耽擱了，也就是說他們也許不能按時(shí)完工，故答案為C。
6. W: I wish I hadn't hurt Jane's feelings like that. You know I never meant to.
M: One thing I like about Jane is she doesn't harbor resentment. I guess she has forgotten all about it by tomorrow.
Q: What does the man say about Jane?
四個(gè)選項(xiàng)均是以She開頭的句子，故該題考查與女士相關(guān)的信息；同時(shí)選項(xiàng)中出現(xiàn)了bitter feelings，treated，hurt，故推測(cè)對(duì)話與某人的情感受到傷害有關(guān)；此外，not，never的出現(xiàn)提示考生應(yīng)注意聽取表示否定的內(nèi)容。
該題要關(guān)注的不是對(duì)話中的女士，而是他們提到的Jane；對(duì)話中，女士擔(dān)心自己傷害了Jane，男士則指出Jane的一個(gè)優(yōu)點(diǎn)就是不記仇，不高興的事很快就忘了，故答案為B。
7. M: The next place I will show you is going for a great price. The owners are moving to a foreign country,so they have to sell it immediately.
W: It's beautiful. I like the small apartment attached to the back. We can rent it out to help with our mortgage payments.
Q: What do we learn about the speakers from the conversation?
四個(gè)選項(xiàng)的主語兩個(gè)是woman，兩個(gè)是man，因此推測(cè)該題考查對(duì)話雙方的綜合信息；選項(xiàng)中出現(xiàn)了mortgage“抵押貸款”．通常是買房時(shí)用到，再結(jié)合rent，apartment，sell，house等詞可推測(cè)，該對(duì)話與買賣房屋或者租房有關(guān)。
對(duì)話中男士在帶女士看房，并且說價(jià)錢很合適，而且女士也比較滿意，認(rèn)為可以將后面的小套房租出去，以便補(bǔ)貼抵押貸款，故答案為D。
8. W: Did you read the Morning News? They did a story on our election campaign.
M: Sure. I guess it will spark some interest among the women in town. Without their votes, we won't be able to win the election.
Q: What do we learn about the speakers from the conversation?
四個(gè)選項(xiàng)均為They are V-ing形式的句子，故推測(cè)該題考查對(duì)話雙方正在做的事情；選項(xiàng)B)、C)中出現(xiàn)了re．elected，campaign，voters等詞，可推測(cè)對(duì)話與選舉有關(guān)，選項(xiàng)C)、D)出現(xiàn)了women一詞，可推測(cè)該選舉活動(dòng)與女性有關(guān)。
對(duì)話中女士指出，《晨報(bào)》報(bào)道了她們的選舉活動(dòng)，男士認(rèn)為報(bào)道可以引起城里女性的關(guān)注，沒支持，就很難贏得選舉(注意不是競(jìng)選連任)，也就是說他們活動(dòng)的目的就是吸引女性投票者，C)。有她們的故答案為Conversation One
W: Charles, as a singer, do you ever make yourself cry when you sing?
M: No, not at this age. I'm an old man. (9) But the songs can still get through to me.
W: What song writers are currently exciting you?
M: I don't know much about song writers. Once in a while, I'll listen to the radio to see what they are putting out, but it's not too often I hear something I like. Somebody like Art Tatum can make me sit up and take notice, but some music, like rap, isn't very musical and I can't learn anything from it. You got to do something more than talk to me.
W: What's the most difficult kind of music to sing?
M: It depends. ( 10-1 ) If I like something, I can sing it. I did the opera Porgiam best and that's said to be a complicated piece of music. And I can do country music, blues and love songs. (10-2) On the other hand, I can't sing something I don't like and that's one of my defects.
W: Can you perform music that's out of tune with the mood you might be in on a given night?
M: Yes, because when you sing, you are like an actor performing a part. Once you get out there, you become that part，only you’re using music instead of dialogue．(11)I am the kind of a person that ff my personal life is hurting,I can go to work and the music will take over．It's like a guy who goes to a bar and drinks．For those few hours，I can wrap myself up in my music．
未聽先知:預(yù)覽四道題各選項(xiàng)，其中出現(xiàn)了him，singing，operas，country music，blues等詞，因此預(yù)測(cè)對(duì)話的主角是一位從事音樂事業(yè)的男士；另外選項(xiàng)中提到了多種音樂形式，因此該題會(huì)涉及男士所從事的音樂類型；第9題和第ll題均為動(dòng)作題，需要注意對(duì)話中出現(xiàn)的動(dòng)詞。第9題中出現(xiàn)了feel young，結(jié)合我們推測(cè)的音樂主題，進(jìn)一步推測(cè)該題考查音樂對(duì)男士的影響；第11題四個(gè)選項(xiàng)均以G0開頭，因此對(duì)話中應(yīng)該也會(huì)涉及男士去某處的內(nèi)容。
9．What does Charles say songs call do when he sings them?
A:詳解:四個(gè)選項(xiàng)均是動(dòng)詞詞組，讀題時(shí)要選取主要詞匯，如Touch…heart，Make…cry，feel young等，都是關(guān)于音樂給人帶來影響的詞匯，因此本題考查音樂給男士帶來的影響。對(duì)話中男士提到他現(xiàn)在歲數(shù)大了，已經(jīng)過了因?yàn)橐魳范奁哪挲g，但是音樂仍能讓他感動(dòng)，get through to me在這里意為“打動(dòng)我”，故答案為A。
10．What does Charles say about himself as a singer?
C:詳解:四個(gè)選項(xiàng)均是句子，出現(xiàn)了enjoys，likes，loves等表示喜好的詞匯，其中operas和country music分屬不同種類的音樂，故推測(cè)該題考查男士喜歡演唱的音樂類型。對(duì)話中男士提到如果他喜歡某種音樂，他就可以唱，不喜歡就不唱。故答案為C)。
11．研Iat would Charles do when his personal life is hurting?
D：詳解:四個(gè)選項(xiàng)均是以Go t0開頭的詞組，bar，place，concert hall是地點(diǎn)詞匯，to sing，to see，to work是動(dòng)作詞匯，因此推斷本題考查男士去某處做某事的具體內(nèi)容。對(duì)話中男士指出如果個(gè)人生活中遇到失意的事情，他會(huì)去工作，全身心投入到(wrap myself up)音樂中去，音樂就會(huì)取代(take over)不開心的事，酒吧喝酒只是男士做的一個(gè)類比，故答案為D。
W：1 wonder if you could tel me a little bit about your job as a radio announcer．(12)What do you actually do and how do you prepare for your job?
M：Well，in the news room I am sitting with reporters and news—subs，as though I air sitting in a newspaper news room．
W：Sorry，what do you mean by news—subs?
M：(13)They are sub-editors．They are the people who write the news stories as they come in．The stories are then passed to the senior duty editor and the assistant editor．As stories go through the chain of people．they are refined．corrected and sorted out until they come finally to me and(14一1)I have a chance to read through most stories before I go on the air．Of course．sometimes things happen at the last moment and I don’t have a chance．So I've just got to do my best．a(chǎn)nd take a couple of seconds to look through the first few lines before I launch into somethin9．Because it’s such a pity if you start off on a bright tone on a story and suddenly realize you are talking about some people having been killed in a road crash．(14—2) It is very important to just have a quick flip through．
W：There is nothing to mark what out of entity on your piece of paper．
M：(15)N0，I have my own little mark．If it's something sad，I'II put a small cross at the top．That’s my little clue．So while I am working on the news．I'm just absorbing the news and checking pronunciations．
“未聽先知:預(yù)覽四道題各選項(xiàng)，其中出現(xiàn)了he，living，job，news stories，由此預(yù)測(cè)對(duì)話與男士的新聞工作有關(guān)；第l2題均以How開頭，因此要留心對(duì)話中關(guān)于詢問的內(nèi)容；第l4題均為動(dòng)名詞開頭，故應(yīng)注意對(duì)話中可能會(huì)出現(xiàn)的動(dòng)名詞；第13、l5題的主語不是主人公he，而分別是They和It，因此在聽的過程中要分辨其分別指的是什么。
what does the woman want to know about the man?
D)。詳解:四個(gè)選項(xiàng)均是以“How he+動(dòng)詞”開頭，an announcer，livin9，job都與工作有關(guān)，故推測(cè)該題與男士的工作相關(guān)。對(duì)話中，女士問男士的工作具體是做什么的以及要做哪些準(zhǔn)備工作，也就是在問他的工作是怎么進(jìn)行的，故答案為D)。
13．What does the man say news—subs do?
A)。詳解:四個(gè)選項(xiàng)均是以“They+d0”開頭的句子，每句話中均出現(xiàn)了news stories，因此本題考查他們對(duì)新聞故事做了什么處理：寫、收集、潤(rùn)色還是評(píng)論?注意They肯定是對(duì)話中提到的某一類人。對(duì)話中男士解釋了news．subs的職責(zé)，說他們是副編輯，有新聞故事的時(shí)候，由他們進(jìn)行編寫，然后稿子才會(huì)轉(zhuǎn)到高級(jí)責(zé)編和助理編輯手中做進(jìn)一步處理，也就是說他們是新聞稿件的初稿撰寫人，故答案為A)。
14．What does the mall say is a big challenge for him?
B。詳解：四個(gè)選項(xiàng)均是名詞詞組，選項(xiàng)中出現(xiàn)了Readin9，voice，pronounced，均是與朗讀有關(guān)的詞匯，因此推測(cè)該題與朗讀新聞時(shí)的動(dòng)作有關(guān)。對(duì)話中男士指出播音之前通常有時(shí)間可以事先讀完大部分的新聞故事，但是往往在最后關(guān)頭也會(huì)有其他事情發(fā)生，因此并不是每次都有機(jī)會(huì)提前閱讀，而事先看一眼非常重要，因?yàn)檫@樣能夠避免工作中的失誤，故答案為B)。
15. What role does the man say his small cross place?
四個(gè)選項(xiàng)均是以It開頭的句子，選項(xiàng)B)、C)的謂語動(dòng)詞后均出現(xiàn)了賓語9ives…him，alerts him，故推測(cè)It是在協(xié)助男士做某事，故本題可能考查It對(duì)男士的作用。對(duì)話中男士表示他會(huì)用小叉號(hào)標(biāo)記悲傷的新聞故事，故答案為D)。
Passage One
You probably know what a mobile is, but the mobile I'm talking about is a delicate object of decoration hanging from the ceding and moving gently with every breath. (16) It delights both children and adults. Now,do you know who invented the mobile? This lovely creation was the work of an American artist named Alexander Calder. Calder became interested in making things when he was a child. And even then he often
used wire in his constructions. When he went to college, he studied engineering rather than art. (18) But he quickly realized that art was his real passion. (17) He also loved the circus, and many of his early artworks were small circus figures made with wire. In about 1930, Calder turned from realistic wire figures to abstract ones. He began constructing objects that have circles, squares and other geometric shapes. To get the shapes to move, he used small motors. Then he went one step beyond these early mobiles. He got the shapes in his constructions to move by themselves. A mobile may look simple as it shifts in the wind, but it requires careful
construction to work properly. Calder used his engineering knowledge to create his first mobiles. Often these consisted of small pieces of brightly printed metal strung by wire to a thicker base wire. Calder learn how to find the precise point to connect each wire so that all the pieces will sway in harmony. In doing so, he createdan art form for people all over the world to copy and enjoy.
預(yù)覽三道題的選項(xiàng)，很難從其中找出范疇接近的詞匯進(jìn)而推測(cè)文章大意。第l6題主語一致，都是It，并且children出現(xiàn)了兩次，因此推測(cè)It應(yīng)該與孩子有關(guān)；第l7題主語為復(fù)數(shù)They，表明短文中會(huì)提到復(fù)數(shù)的東西，并且是人物形象figures，細(xì)心的考生這時(shí)可能會(huì)發(fā)現(xiàn)該題中的made和上題中的invented范疇接近，都含有“發(fā)明，制作”的意思，故猜測(cè)短文可能是關(guān)于制作孩子喜歡的人物形象。
16. What does the speaker say about a mobile?
四個(gè)選項(xiàng)的主語均是It，其中children出現(xiàn)了兩次，綜合未聽先知的信息點(diǎn)，以及選項(xiàng)中出現(xiàn)的carried，found，invented，可推測(cè)本題可能考查某種與孩子有關(guān)的事物的性質(zhì)特點(diǎn)。短文中指出成年人和孩子都喜歡風(fēng)鈴，故答案為A)。
17. What do we learn about many of Alexander Calder's early artworks?
四個(gè)選項(xiàng)均是以They開頭的過去時(shí)句子，因此詢問的是過去發(fā)生的事情。B)、C)選項(xiàng)極為
接近，都是形容詞作表語，修飾figures，因此推斷這里的They指的就是figures(人物)，該題考查這些人物形象的相關(guān)內(nèi)容。短文中指出Calder的早期作品都是用線制成的馬戲團(tuán)的小人物形象，后來才轉(zhuǎn)向抽象的形象，故答案為C)。
18. Where does Alexander Calder’s real passion lie?
四個(gè)選項(xiàng)均是“In+名詞”構(gòu)成的介詞短語，art，geometry和engineerin9屬于學(xué)科領(lǐng)域，因此推測(cè)該題可能考查Calder在設(shè)計(jì)風(fēng)鈴時(shí)應(yīng)用的學(xué)科或者Calder本人的學(xué)科或興趣。題目考查的是Calder本人的真正熱情所在，短文中提到他的真正愛好是藝術(shù)，故答案為A)。
Passage Two
If sheer numbers provide any proof, America's universities are the envy of the world. (19) For all their troubles, the United States' 3,500 institutions were flooded with more than haft a million students from 193countries last year. Asia led the way, with the biggest number from China, followed by Japan and India. Most European and Asian universities provide an elite service to a small number of people. While fully 64% of all U.S. high school graduates attend college of some point in their life, just 30% of the comparable German population,28% of the French,20% of the British, and 37% of the Japanese preceed beyond high school.Britains who pass their A levels may still not qualify for a top university at home, but find American universities far more welcoming. Some U. S. schools acknowledge the rigor of European secondary training, and will give up to a year's credit to foreigners who have passed their high school exams.(20) The conception that everyone has a right to an education appropriate to his potential is a highly democratic and compassionate standard, says MarvenBreselor, a professor at Princeton University. True, not all U. S. students can match the performance of their foreign counterparts, but the American institutions do offer students from rich and poor families alike the chance to realize their full potential. "America educates so many more people at university that one can't expect all those who go to be as intelligent as the much narrower band in British universities," says the professor Christopher Rakes at Boston University, (21) "I'm not against elitism, but I happen to like having people who are more eager to learn. "
頂覽三道題的選項(xiàng)，由students，good education和teaching可推斷短文與教育、教學(xué)有關(guān)。第l9題主語為They，students均是作為賓語出現(xiàn)，故推測(cè)短文開頭會(huì)提及復(fù)數(shù)主語與學(xué)生之間的關(guān)系；結(jié)合第20題可知，短文可能涉及優(yōu)秀教育的意義；結(jié)合第21題出現(xiàn)的He和his students可知，短文中還會(huì)涉及一位教育工作者。
19. What does the speaker say about the America's universities?
四個(gè)選項(xiàng)均是以They開頭的句子，賓語都是students，根據(jù)A)中的0ffer…courses可推測(cè)They指的可能是學(xué)校；代入B)選項(xiàng)也成立；因此該題考查的是某些學(xué)校的學(xué)生情況。短文中指出“盡管這些大學(xué)也存在著一些問題，去年美國的3500所大學(xué)吸引了來自全球l93個(gè)國家的50多萬名學(xué)生”，be flooded with意為“充斥”，暗指學(xué)生如潮水般涌入美國大學(xué)，也就是說，美國大學(xué)吸引了來自世界各地的學(xué)生。短文中的troubles并非指學(xué)生太多或?qū)W校無法應(yīng)付，因此選項(xiàng)C)、D)可以排除，故答案為B)。
20. What is Americans' view on education according to Professor Marven Breselor?
D)四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中出現(xiàn)了Everyone，benefit，good education contributes，因此推測(cè)該題考查的是優(yōu)秀教育的意義及其與個(gè)人的關(guān)系。短文中馬文·布萊斯勒教授明確提出“每個(gè)人都有權(quán)利接受與自己潛能相匹配的教育，這個(gè)概念是高度民主和善意的標(biāo)準(zhǔn)”，故答案為D。優(yōu)秀教育己潛能相
21. What do we learn from Professor Christopher Rakes' remark?
四個(gè)選項(xiàng)均是以He開頭的句子，his students表明He是一位老師，結(jié)合likes，enjoys這些積極的詞匯可推測(cè)，該題與這位教師的優(yōu)秀教學(xué)有關(guān)。在短文最后，克里斯特弗·瑞克斯教授指出“我不反對(duì)精英主義，但是我碰巧喜歡教那些學(xué)習(xí)欲望更加強(qiáng)烈的人”，即他喜歡學(xué)習(xí)動(dòng)力強(qiáng)的學(xué)生，故答案為A。
Passage Three
(22) Every year, people in America use energy equal to over 30 million barrels of oil each day. That's energy in all forms--off, gas, coal, nuclear, solar and even wind power.(23) Viewed from scientists' standpoint, all the energy contained in fuel either now or in the future becomes heat. Some of the heat is used directly or produces useful work; the rest is lost or rejected, radiated into the atmosphere from the engines,motors, boilers and all the other energy-consuming machinery that makes Americans' wheels go around. (25-1 ) If we could figure out how to improve the efficiency with which we use energy, we can do a lot more work with the energy that is available. With money and careful planning, we can boost efficiency up to a point. Yet improvement won't come easily, it won't come overnight and there are limits beyond which not even science can take us. According to the Centre for Strategic and International Studies, about three quarters of energy we use to move things, including ourselves, accomplishes no useful work. (25-2) In terms of efficiency and
cleanness, buses, trains and other forms of public or mass transportation are superior to the private automobile. (24) But only if they operate at near capacity, otherwise, their overall efficiency is poor. For some people, mass transit might answer all transportation needs. For others, a combination of mass transit and private transportation may be desirable. Better design and wiser use of both mass transit systems and private vehicles will play an important part in helping America get more out of energy used for transportation.
預(yù)覽四道題的選項(xiàng)，由選項(xiàng)中的0il，heat，pollution，enviroment-friendly，energy，F(xiàn)eul等詞可以推測(cè)，短文與能源和環(huán)保有關(guān)；根據(jù)第24題各選項(xiàng)中的When，需要關(guān)注短文中提到的時(shí)間點(diǎn)；第25題是抽象的名詞短語，推測(cè)可能會(huì)考查文章的中心議題。
22. What does the speaker say about energy used in the United States?
四個(gè)選項(xiàng)均是以It開頭的句子，C、D中均出現(xiàn)了oil，可推測(cè)該題可能與石油相關(guān)。短文中提到美國人每天使用的能源等于3千多萬桶石油，故答案為D)。
23. What do scientists say about energy contained in fuel?
四個(gè)選項(xiàng)均是與it相關(guān)的句子，其中還出現(xiàn)了turns into heat，air pollution之類的詞，可猜測(cè)it肯定與能源有關(guān)系。短文中提到，燃料里所含的全部能源遲早都會(huì)變成熱量，故答案為A。
24. When does mass transit prove superior to private vehicles?
四個(gè)選項(xiàng)均以When開頭，used和operates均為表示使用、操作類的詞匯，因此推測(cè)本題與使用某物的條件有關(guān)。短文中提到公共交通工具只有在發(fā)揮最大能效時(shí)，才能在能源使用效率和清潔度上優(yōu)于私人交通工具，故答案為C。
25. What seems to be the speaker's biggest concern?
四個(gè)選項(xiàng)均是抽象名詞，推測(cè)可能與短文的中心思想有關(guān)。短文中提到了各種交通工具，但是沒有涉及交通擁堵，故可排除A；能源短缺是事實(shí)，但短文中并沒有重點(diǎn)關(guān)注，故可排除C；短文只是提到能源最終變成了熱量，但并沒有引申到全球變暖的話題，故可排除D；說話者多處提到efficiency，并指出了效率的重要性，“資金投入加之詳細(xì)計(jì)劃，我們可以提高能源使用效率”，同時(shí)對(duì)交通工具的低能效表示關(guān)注，因此他真正關(guān)注的是能源利用率不足，希望提高使用效率，故答案為B。
26. illustrate比空前面是to，需要填入動(dòng)詞原形，構(gòu)成不定式，與后面的動(dòng)詞原形expand并列，而且習(xí)型，也可以推斷此處應(yīng)該填人一個(gè)動(dòng)詞原形。illustrate意為“用(事例、圖畫)說明”。
27.此空前面是表示并列的and，后面是一個(gè)名詞，因此應(yīng)該填入一個(gè)動(dòng)名詞與前面的 clarifying portraying relationships陶成并列形式，共同作為介詞of后面的補(bǔ)足語。clarifying意為“說明，澄清”。
28. derived from此空前面是完整的一句話，并以一個(gè)名詞結(jié)束，后面and…又是一個(gè)完整的句子，因此該空以及其后的data應(yīng)該是第一個(gè)分句中的從屬部分；該句句意為“由數(shù)據(jù)而來的統(tǒng)計(jì)數(shù)字”，注意應(yīng)該填入過去分詞作后置定語。derived from意為“源自，取自”。
29、 particularly 此空前面的Many textbooks和后面的those in economics是同位語，因此該空應(yīng)該填入一個(gè)不影響句子成分和意義的副詞。particularly意為“尤其是”。
30. preview此空前面是動(dòng)詞不定式的標(biāo)志詞t0，后面是副詞，因此應(yīng)該填人一個(gè)動(dòng)詞原形。整句話的意思是“要養(yǎng)成習(xí)慣，先仔細(xì)閱讀圖表的題目、說明文字、標(biāo)題以及與圖表相關(guān)的資料”。preview意為“預(yù)覽”。
31. set the stage此空前面是復(fù)數(shù)主語，后面是并列連詞and以及一個(gè)動(dòng)詞原形，因此該空要填入謂語動(dòng)詞；這句話的意思是說“這些要素可以幫助你建立對(duì)圖表初步的理解”。Set the stage意為“做準(zhǔn)備，打基礎(chǔ)”。
32. principal 此空前面是定冠詞the，后面是復(fù)數(shù)名詞questions，因此應(yīng)該填人一個(gè)形容詞作定語。principal意為“主要的”。
33. Communicating
此空前面的What key idea is the author是一個(gè)間接引語從句，該空需要填入從句的謂語動(dòng)詞，此句為現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)，因此需要填入V-ing形式。communicatin9意為“交流，傳達(dá)”。
34. For instance
此空后面句子完整，因此需要填入副詞或者介詞短語作狀語；注意句子首字母需要大寫。For instance意為“例如”。
35. reveals此空的前面為名詞詞組，后面是that引導(dǎo)的從句，因此需要填人謂語動(dòng)詞；主語為單數(shù)，根據(jù)主謂一致原則，謂語應(yīng)為第三人稱單數(shù)形式。reveals意為“揭露”。
名詞：A.advocates擁護(hù)者，提倡者：C.correlation相關(guān)，關(guān)聯(lián)；E.facilities設(shè)施，設(shè)備；F.interaction相互作用，互動(dòng)；I.particles 微粒，粒子
動(dòng)詞：D.exercise行使，運(yùn)用；G.investigating調(diào)查，研究；H.overwhelmed壓倒，擊敗，淹沒；K.restricted限制，限定；L.simulating模擬，模仿，假裝；N.tighten使變緊，加強(qiáng)控制
形容詞：B.compact緊密的，緊湊的；J.permanent永久的；M.statistical統(tǒng)計(jì)上的，統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)上的：0.vulnerable 脆弱的，易受傷害的．
36．O.vulnerable。詳解：該空格位于主系表結(jié)構(gòu)的句子中，處于系動(dòng)詞is之后．介同to之前，且空格處所填單詞被副詞particularly所修飾，綜合考慮，此處應(yīng)填入形容詞vulnerable，本句含義為“孩子們正在發(fā)育的大腦易受傷害”，be vulnerable to為固定搭配，表示“易受……的傷害”．故答案為O.vulnerable“脆弱的，易受傷害的”。備選項(xiàng)里的compact，permanent，statistical與上下文語義不符．故均排除。
37．J.permanent。詳解：該空格位于主系表結(jié)構(gòu)的句子中，處于系動(dòng)詞be之后，因此可填人形容詞或名詞作表語。本句含義為“所造成的危害可能是永久性的”。所以此處應(yīng)填入形容詞permanent一故答案為J.permanent“永久的”。在備選項(xiàng)中其他形容詞均與上下文語義不符，故排除。
38．A.advocates。詳解：該空格位于形容詞environmental之后，且其后緊接的就是謂語動(dòng)詞have long urged…，由此判斷此處應(yīng)填入復(fù)數(shù)形式的名詞，作句子的主語、，本句主語所發(fā)出的動(dòng)作是“敦促政府部門做某事”．因此應(yīng)填入advocates：故答案為A)advocates“擁護(hù)者，提倡者”．備選項(xiàng)中correlation及interaction均是單數(shù)形式，而facilities與particles與上下文語義不符，故均排除。
39．N.tighten。詳解：該空格處于urge sb．to do sth．的結(jié)構(gòu)中，應(yīng)填人及物動(dòng)詞的原形，上文提到官方政策還在制定中，而健康及環(huán)保人士已經(jīng)做出努力，下文提到“報(bào)告中提及l(fā)l種化學(xué)品的使用”，故此處應(yīng)填人tighten，本句含義為“健康及環(huán)保政策的擁護(hù)者們敦促政府部門加強(qiáng)對(duì)報(bào)告中提及的ll種化學(xué)品的管制”。故答案為N.tighten“使變緊，加強(qiáng)控制”：備選項(xiàng)中exercise雖然滿足語法形式要求，但其含義與上下文語義不符，故排除。
40．K.restricted。詳解：該空格位于主語the Environmental Protection Agency之后，賓語the type and amount之前．本句中又含有明確的時(shí)間狀語in 2001，故應(yīng)填入動(dòng)詞的過去式．綜合上下文考慮，本句含義應(yīng)為“環(huán)保部門限制了鉛使用的種類和數(shù)量”。故答案為K.restricted“限制，限定”、備選項(xiàng)中overwhelmed與上下文語義不符，故排除，而其他選項(xiàng)的詞形均不符合要求。
41．E.facilities。詳解：該空格位于復(fù)合形容詞child-care之后，故空格處應(yīng)填人名詞，本句含義為“環(huán)保部門限制了存留在家居環(huán)境中的涂料、土壤及兒童保育器械上所使用鉛的種類和數(shù)量”。故答案為E.facilities“設(shè)施，設(shè)備”。備選項(xiàng)中correlation，interaction，particles均與上下文語義不符，故排除。
42．G.investigating。詳解：該空格位于句子的謂語動(dòng)詞位置，句中明確出現(xiàn)了時(shí)間狀語now，故謂語動(dòng)詞應(yīng)使用現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)，本句含義為“目前這個(gè)機(jī)構(gòu)正在研究最新的報(bào)告中所提及的一些化學(xué)品的毒性”。故答案為G.investigating“調(diào)查，研究”。備選項(xiàng)中simulating也滿足同形要求，但其與上下文語義不符，故排除。
43．M.statistical。詳解：該空格位于形容詞sold和名詞evidence之間，名詞evidence同時(shí)也是先行詞，被which引導(dǎo)的定語從句修飾，空格處應(yīng)填人形容詞，與solid一起修飾名詞evidence。根據(jù)常識(shí)可知，統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)數(shù)據(jù)對(duì)于政策制定關(guān)系很大，故此處應(yīng)填人statistical。本句含義為“很難憑確鑿的統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)證據(jù)證明這一現(xiàn)象是由于暴露在某些化學(xué)物質(zhì)下引起的”。故答案為M.statistical“統(tǒng)計(jì)上的，統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)上的”。備選項(xiàng)中的形容詞還剩下compact，但與上下文語義不符，故排除。
44．C.correlation。詳解：該空格位于不定冠詞a和形容詞direct之后，應(yīng)填入可數(shù)名詞的單數(shù)形式．分析上下文可知，此處表達(dá)的意義為“暴露于有害的化學(xué)物質(zhì)之下與患行為方面疾病風(fēng)險(xiǎn)之間存在直接相關(guān)性”。故答案為C.correlation“相關(guān)，關(guān)聯(lián)”、備選項(xiàng)中名詞還剩下interaction和particles，均不符合上下文語義，故排除。
45．D.exercise。詳解：該空格位于“it is+adj+(for sb．)+to do sth．”的結(jié)構(gòu)中。應(yīng)填入動(dòng)詞原形，且該動(dòng)詞還能與caution進(jìn)行搭配，從上下文語境可知，本句含義為“采取小心謹(jǐn)慎的措施總是明智的選擇”， 故答案為D)exercise“行使，運(yùn)用”。備選動(dòng)詞中動(dòng)詞原形只剩下exercise可選。
46. Not only moving objects and people but all systems have momentum.
不僅僅是運(yùn)動(dòng)的物體和人具有動(dòng)能，所有的系統(tǒng)也都具有動(dòng)能。
由題干關(guān)鍵詞moving objects和have momentum定位到原文畫線處。
47. Changing the current energy system requires the systematic training of professionals and skilled labor.
要改變當(dāng)前的能源系統(tǒng)，就需要對(duì)專業(yè)人員和技術(shù)人員進(jìn)行系統(tǒng)的培訓(xùn)。
由題干關(guān)鍵詞trainin9和skilled labor定位到原文畫線處。
48. Changing a fight bulb is easier than changing the fixture housing it.
更換燈泡要比更換燈具容易得多。
由題干關(guān)鍵詞Changing a light bulb和fixture housing it定位到原文畫線處。
49. Efforts to accelerate the current energy transitions didn't succeed as expected.
加速現(xiàn)有能源轉(zhuǎn)型的努力并沒有預(yù)想的那樣成功。
由題干關(guān)鍵詞accelerate和energy transitions定位到原文畫線處。
50.To change the light sourceiscostly because you have to change thewhole fixture.
改變光源的成本高昂，因?yàn)橐鎿Q整套燈具。
由題干關(guān)鍵詞change the whole fixture定位到原文畫線處。
51. Energy systems, like an aircraft carrier set in motion, have huge momentum.
能源系統(tǒng)如同一艘在運(yùn)行的航空母艦一樣，有著巨大的動(dòng)能。
由題干關(guān)鍵詞Energy systems和aircraft carrier定位到原文畫線處。
52. The problem with lighting, if it arises, often doesn't lie in light sources but in their applications.
如果照明有問題通常問題不是出在光源上，而是出在應(yīng)用方法上。
由題干關(guān)鍵詞light sources和applications定位到原文畫線處。
53. The biggest obstacle to energy transition is that the present energy system is too expensive to replace
能源轉(zhuǎn)型最大的障礙在于替換當(dāng)前的能源系統(tǒng)的成本太高。
由題干關(guān)鍵詞biggest obstacle和energy system定位到原文畫線處。
54. The application of a technology can impact areas beyond itself.
某項(xiàng)技術(shù)應(yīng)用的影響范圍要遠(yuǎn)遠(yuǎn)超過其本身。
由題干關(guān)鍵詞technology和impact定位到原文畫線處。
55. Physical characteristics of moving objects help explain thedynamicsofenergy systems.
運(yùn)動(dòng)物體的物理特征能幫助解釋能源系統(tǒng)動(dòng)力學(xué)。
由題干關(guān)鍵詞characteristics和dynamics of energy systems定位到原文畫線處。
Passage One
56. A.由題干中的人名Jesse Jackson定位到文章首段最后兩句 :And then, at a press conference in Chicago in 1988, Jesse Jackson declared that "African American" was the term to embrace. This one was chosen because it echoed the labels of groups, such as " Italian Americans" and " Irish Americans," that had already been freed of widespread discrimination.
事實(shí)細(xì)節(jié)題。定位句指出杰克遜選中“非洲裔美國人”這個(gè)稱謂，是因?yàn)樗?ldquo;意大利裔美人”和“愛國爾蘭裔美國人”這些已經(jīng)擺脫種族歧視的群體的稱謂相仿，寄托著擺脫種族歧視的希望，故答案為A)。
B.“它代表著社會(huì)進(jìn)步”，在原文定位處并沒有明確提示，可以排除；C.“它代表普通美國人的利益”，該稱謂只涉及到美國的黑人群體，因此這種說法過于寬泛，可以排除；D.“它遵循了標(biāo)準(zhǔn)的命名規(guī)范”，原文中并沒有提到有標(biāo)準(zhǔn)的命名規(guī)范，杰克遜所寄托的是擺脫種族歧視的希望，可以排除。
由題干關(guān)鍵詞namin9定位到文章第二段首句：A century’s worth of calculated name changes point to the fact that naming any group is a politically freighted exercise.
事實(shí)細(xì)節(jié)題。定位句指出，美國黑人稱謂歷經(jīng)一個(gè)世紀(jì)的變化表明了一個(gè)事實(shí)，那就是給一
個(gè)群體命名是承載著政治意義的行為，故答案為D)。
A.“它隨著時(shí)代進(jìn)步”，這種說法過于籠統(tǒng)，也不是作者所要表達(dá)的主要意思，可以排除；B.“它是基于種族根源的”，原文中并沒有提到，可以排除；C)“它值得深入研究”，盡管后文提到了關(guān)于種族稱謂的系列研究，但都是用來說明群體稱謂的社會(huì)政治意義的，故“值得深入研究”不是作者要表達(dá)的主要意思．可以排除。
58 A.
根據(jù)題干中的Erika Hall’s findings定位到文章第四段首句：The study’s most striking
findings shed light on the racial biases permeating the professional world.
推理判斷題。定位句指出，艾麗卡·霍爾的研究結(jié)果揭示了種族偏見已經(jīng)滲透到了職業(yè)領(lǐng)
域，permeatin9與widespread意義相近，故答案為A。
B.“很多求職者都不注意他們簡(jiǎn)歷的細(xì)節(jié)”，文中只是提到涉及種族稱謂的細(xì)節(jié)會(huì)引起招聘者的注意，并沒有說求職者不注意細(xì)節(jié)，可以排除；C.“找工作的人加入團(tuán)體要謹(jǐn)慎”，第四段中作者建議找工作的人提及與種族稱謂相關(guān)的經(jīng)歷時(shí)要謹(jǐn)慎，但并沒有說是否要謹(jǐn)慎加入團(tuán)體，可以排除；D.“大多數(shù)的招聘者都不能控制其種族偏見”，文中沒有提到種族偏見能否被控制的問題，只是說這種偏見可能會(huì)對(duì)招聘有影響，可以排除。
59．C
由題干中的 experiment 和 Williams定位到文章第六段 : The "African-American" group
that he earned about $ 37,000 a year and had a two-year college degree. The "Black"
the other hand, put his salary at about $ 29,000, and guessed that he had only "some"
Estimated group, on college experience. Nearly three-quarters of the first group guessed that Mr. Williams worked at a managerial level, while only 38.5 percent of the second group thought so.
推理判斷題。從定位段落可以看出，同一個(gè)人被冠以“非洲裔美國人”和“黑人”的不同稱謂時(shí)，會(huì)引發(fā)人們對(duì)他的經(jīng)濟(jì)社會(huì)地位和教育背景的不同聯(lián)想，可見人們對(duì)一個(gè)人的看法與其稱謂大有關(guān)聯(lián)。故答案為C。
A.“非洲裔美國人比其他很多種族群體生活得都好”，該句是對(duì)原文的曲解，原文只是對(duì)同一族群的兩個(gè)不同稱謂進(jìn)行比較，不涉及其他族群，可以排除；B.“黑人在美國的社會(huì)經(jīng)濟(jì)地位仍很低”，原文沒有比較黑人與其他族群的社會(huì)經(jīng)濟(jì)地位，可以排除；D.“一個(gè)人的職業(yè)地位和收入與其教育背景相關(guān)”，文中未明確提及，可以排除。
60．A
由題干中的Dr．Du Bois's ideal定位到文章最后一句：Perhaps a new phrase is needed，one that can bring everyone one big step closer to realizing Du Bois's original, idealistic hope: "It's not the name--it's the Thing that counts. "。
定位句提到杜博斯的理想：“稱謂不重要，事物本身才重要”。這個(gè)理想里面，Thin9很關(guān)鍵。
文章第二段提到，給任何一個(gè)群體命名都是一種承載著政治意義的活動(dòng)。從全篇來看，對(duì)非洲裔美國人稱謂的每次變化，都體現(xiàn)了對(duì)racial bias(種族歧視)的弱化?？墒俏恼伦詈?，作者提到，a new phrase is needed(需要一個(gè)新詞匯)，這說明作者認(rèn)為“African American”這個(gè)提法還不合適，還需要不斷的改進(jìn)。再結(jié)合杜博斯的話，“稱謂不重要，事物本身才重要”。美國政府不斷更換稱謂就是為了消除種族歧視，而種族歧視的根源就是美國人沒有真正地實(shí)現(xiàn)全民平等，所以由此得出，杜博斯的理想就是：所有美國人都享有平等的權(quán)利，故答案為A。
“對(duì)人的判斷不應(yīng)基于其稱謂，而應(yīng)是這個(gè)人本身”，杜博斯的話沒有涉及到對(duì)人的判斷，可以排除；C.“給非洲裔美國人創(chuàng)造一個(gè)新的稱謂”，這個(gè)意見是作者提出的，而不是杜博斯，可以排除；D.“所有的種族都分享到國家的持續(xù)進(jìn)步”，杜博斯的話主要關(guān)于如何判斷一個(gè)人，沒有涉及種族問題，可以排除。
Passage Two
61．B
由題干中的Arum and Roksa's finding定位到文章首段最后一句：In particular, Arum and Roksa found, college students were not developing the critical thinking, analytic reasoning and other higher-level skills that are necessary to thrive in today's knowledge-based economy and to lead our nation in a time of complex challenges and dynamic change.
推理判斷題。定位句指出，阿魯姆和羅克薩發(fā)現(xiàn)，大學(xué)生沒有培養(yǎng)批判性思維、分析推理以及其他更高級(jí)的技能，而這些技能是在當(dāng)今知識(shí)經(jīng)濟(jì)中取得成功，以及在這個(gè)充滿復(fù)雜挑戰(zhàn)和瞬息萬變的時(shí)代領(lǐng)導(dǎo)我們國家發(fā)展所必備的，由此可見，美國高等教育沒有讓學(xué)生做好面對(duì)現(xiàn)代化挑戰(zhàn)的準(zhǔn)備,故答案為B。
A.“它旨在激發(fā)大學(xué)生的求知欲”，第一段第三句提到許多大學(xué)生的知識(shí)增長(zhǎng)不足，但并未
提及美國高等教育的目標(biāo)是激發(fā)大學(xué)生的求知欲，可以排除；C.“它在最近幾年發(fā)生了翻天覆地的變化”，定位句只提到我們現(xiàn)在所處的時(shí)代瞬息萬變，并不是指美國的高等教育發(fā)生了巨大的變化，可以排除；D.“它已經(jīng)盡力滿足了學(xué)生的各種需求”，原文并未提及美國的高等教育竭盡所能地滿足學(xué)生的各種需求，可以排除。
62．A
由題干中的the students’lack of higher-level skills定位到文章第二段第一句：Anita and Roksa placed the blame for students' lack of learning on a watered-down college curriculum and lowered undergraduate work standards.
事實(shí)細(xì)節(jié)題。定位句指出，“阿魯姆和羅克薩把學(xué)生的學(xué)術(shù)不足歸咎于摻水的大學(xué)課程和較
低的大學(xué)生學(xué)習(xí)標(biāo)準(zhǔn)”，由此可見，學(xué)生缺乏更高級(jí)的技能是因?yàn)閾剿拇髮W(xué)課程，故答案為A。
B.“無聊的課堂活動(dòng)”、C.“沒有嚴(yán)格的紀(jì)律”和D.“過時(shí)的教學(xué)方式”，原文均未提及，故排除。
63．D
根據(jù)題干中的Laura Hamilton和college administrations定位到文章第三段第一句：Laura
Hamilton, the author of a study on parents who pay for college, will argue in a forthcoming book that college administrations are overly concerned with the social and athletic activities of their students.
推理判斷題。定位句指出，勞拉·漢密爾頓認(rèn)為大學(xué)的管理部門過于關(guān)注其學(xué)生的社會(huì)和體育活動(dòng)，由此可知，大學(xué)的管理部門優(yōu)先安排非學(xué)術(shù)活動(dòng)，故答案為D。
A.“它們沒有給貧困生提供足夠的幫助”，原文并未提及給貧困生提供幫助，可以排除；
B.“它們往往提供過多難度不大的課程”，第三段第二句提到各種讓學(xué)生參加聚會(huì)的俱樂部以及大量更簡(jiǎn)單的專業(yè)令許多大學(xué)生的畢業(yè)變得更容易，但并沒有表明大學(xué)的管理部門傾向于提供過多簡(jiǎn)單的課程，可以排除；C.“它們似乎與社會(huì)脫節(jié)”，原文并未提及大學(xué)的管理部門是否與社會(huì)脫節(jié)，可以排除。
64．B
由題干中的the socially and financially privileged students定位到文章第三段第二句和第三句 : In Paying for the Party, Hamilton describes what she calls the "party pathway," which eases many students through college, helped along by various clubs that send students into the party scene and a host of easier majors. By sanctioning this watered-down version of college, universities are"catering to the social and educational needs of wealthy students at the expense of others" who won't enjoy the financial backing or social connections of richer students once they graduate.
推理判斷題。定位句指出，“聚會(huì)之路”使許多學(xué)生的大學(xué)畢業(yè)變得更加容易，而各種讓學(xué)生參加聚會(huì)的俱樂部以及大量更簡(jiǎn)單的專業(yè)也促成了這一點(diǎn)，通過批準(zhǔn)這種精簡(jiǎn)版本的學(xué)院，大學(xué)“正在迎合有錢學(xué)生的社會(huì)和教育需求，卻以犧牲其他學(xué)生為代價(jià)”，由此可知，享有社會(huì)和經(jīng)濟(jì)特權(quán)的學(xué)生為了享受人生而能夠選擇較簡(jiǎn)單的專業(yè)，故答案為B。
A.“對(duì)于同齡的同學(xué)，他們往往擁有一種優(yōu)越感”，原文并未提及享有社會(huì)和經(jīng)濟(jì)特權(quán)的學(xué)生擁有優(yōu)越感，可以排除；C.“他們花大量的時(shí)間建立強(qiáng)大的商業(yè)人脈關(guān)系”，第二段最后一句提到許多本科生的優(yōu)先事項(xiàng)是課外活動(dòng)、體育運(yùn)動(dòng)、聚會(huì)和社交，但既沒有強(qiáng)調(diào)是享有社會(huì)和經(jīng)濟(jì)特權(quán)的學(xué)生，也沒有強(qiáng)調(diào)是為了建立強(qiáng)大的商業(yè)人脈關(guān)系，可以排除；D)“即便沒有學(xué)位，他們也能飛黃騰達(dá)”，第四段第一句和第二句指出大學(xué)生如果想把學(xué)位作為邁人中產(chǎn)階級(jí)的跳板，就需要在大學(xué)期間學(xué)習(xí)技能和知識(shí)，而享有更多特權(quán)的學(xué)生也不能浪費(fèi)這個(gè)機(jī)會(huì)，由此可知，享有社會(huì)和經(jīng)濟(jì)特權(quán)的學(xué)生也需要學(xué)位，故D.與原文意思不符，可以排除。
65．C
由題干中的the last paragraph定位到文章最后一段的最后一句：For students who have been coasting through college, and for American universities that have been demanding less work, offering more attractions and charging higher tuition,.the party, ma.v soon be over.
推理判斷題。定位句指出，對(duì)于那些學(xué)習(xí)要求少，卻提供更多誘惑并收取更高學(xué)費(fèi)的大學(xué)而
言，聚會(huì)可能很快就會(huì)結(jié)束了，由此可知，美國高等教育的現(xiàn)狀不會(huì)持續(xù)太久了，故答案為C。
A.“美國高等教育已失去其全球競(jìng)爭(zhēng)力”，最后一段第四句只提到全球經(jīng)濟(jì)也不會(huì)寬容美國
勞動(dòng)力日益薄弱的識(shí)字、數(shù)學(xué)和科學(xué)能力，但并沒有表明美國高等教育已失去其全球競(jìng)爭(zhēng)力，可以排除；B.“人們不應(yīng)該對(duì)美國的高等教育期待太多”，原文沒有提及，可以排除；D.“改變高等教育的現(xiàn)狀需要很長(zhǎng)的時(shí)間”，定位句提到美國高等教育的現(xiàn)狀很快就會(huì)改變了，故D.與原文意思不符，可以排除。
Part IVTranslation
Recently, the Chinese government has decided to upgrade its industry. China is now involved in the construction of high-speed trains, ocean ships, robots, and even aircrafts. Not long ago, China signed a contract to build a high-speed rail in Indonesia. China also signed a contract with Malaysia to provide high-speed trains. These facts prove that people rely on Chinese-made products.
Products made in China are becoming more and more popular. China has paid a price for it, but it not only helps to eliminate poverty but also provides employment opportunities for people all over the world. This is a good thing to be praised. The next time you go to the store, you may want to take a look at the home of your purchase. Chances are that it is made in China.
以上就是小編整理的“2015年12月英語六級(jí)考試真題（第二套）”內(nèi)容，英語六級(jí)考試要多注意對(duì)真題的把握，祝同學(xué)們英語六級(jí)考試成功。更多英語六級(jí)真題以及答案點(diǎn)擊社科賽斯考研網(wǎng)。
京公安網(wǎng)備11010802020593號(hào)
